organs Flashcards
brain
cavity: cranial
system: nervous (CNS)
function: control center, memory, perception, reasoning, learning
salivary glands
cavity: cranial
system: digestive
function: digestion of carbohydrates
pharynx
cavity: cranial
system: respiratory and digestive
function: helps propulse food down the esophagus
spinal cord
cavity: vertebral
system: nervous (CNS)
function: 2-way communication system between peripheral nerves and brain
thyroid
cavity: thoracic
system: endocrine
function: secretes hormones which control metabolism
lung
cavity: thoracic
system: respiratory
function: provide large surface area for CO2 to O2 gas exchange
heart
cavity: thoracic
system: cardiovascular
function: pumps blood to maintain circulation
trachea & bronchi
cavity: thoracic
system: respiratory
function: transports air from nose & mouth to lungs and vice versa
diaphragm
cavity: thoracic
system: respiratory
function: contracts & relaxes moving lungs during breathing
esophagus
cavity: thoracic
system: digestive
function: carries food from mouth to the stomach
peripheral nerves
cavity: thoracic
system: nervous
function: communicates info from periphery to CNS and vice versa
vertebrae
cavity: thoracic/vertebral
system: skeletal
function: protect & support spinal cord
stomach
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: stores food before entering intestines, digests proteins into peptides
liver
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: produces & secretes bile to digest fats, converts monomers and stores polymers, produces plasma & blood proteins
gallbladder
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: stores bile
small intestine
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: site of most digestion and absorption of nutrients
mesentery
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: membrane holding small intestine in place
large intestine
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: water absorption and compaction of feces
cecum
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: absorb remaining salt and fluids, lubricating mucus
appendix
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive
function: store gut bacteria
pancreas
cavity: abdominal
system: digestive & endocrine
function: secrete digestive enzymes into small intestine & hormones into blood to control glucose levels
spleen
cavity: abdominal
system: lymphatic
function: recycles iron in red blood cells and houses white blood cells for defense and surveillance
kidney
cavity: abdominal
system: urinary
function: filters out waste from blood by producing urine & adjusts concentration, pH & volume of blood
adrenal glands
cavity: abdominal
system: endocrine
function: produce & secrete hormones, homeostasis stimulation
bladder
cavity: pelvic
system: urinary
function: stores urine and contracts to void
ureter
cavity: pelvic
system: urinary
function: carries urine from kidneys to bladder
urethra
cavity: pelvic
system: urinary
function: carries urine from bladder to outside environment; releases urine from the body
rectum
cavity: pelvic
system: digestive
function: receive & store feces until evacuation
uterus
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: provides implantation site for embryo or menstruates in absence of fertilization
uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: carries oocyte from ovary to uterus; fertilization occurs in oviduct
ovary
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: produces female sex cells & secretes female hormones; maintains female characteristics
testes
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: produces male sex cells & secretes male hormones; maintains male characteristics
spermatic cord (vas deferens)
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: stores mature sperm cells and transports sperm from testes to urethra during ejaculation
prostate gland
cavity: pelvic
system: reproductive
function: produces prostatic fluid & enzymes which clot & thin semen
