Organophosphate, herbicide, insectocide poisoning

Question 1

Acute organophosphate poisoning sx?

Answer 1

irreversible AchE binding. DUMBBELS + involuntary twitching, high BP, fasiculations, then paralysis.

Question 2

Treatment for organophosphate poisoning?

Answer 2

Atropine and pralodoxine (regenerates AchE), plasma

Question 3

Examples of organophosphates?

Answer 3

Parathion, malathion, diazinon, tabun, sarin

Question 4

Carbamates insecticides sx

Answer 4

same as organophosphates but binding is irreversible so don’t give pralodoxine, tx with atropine

Question 5

What are names of the carbamate insecticides

Answer 5

Carbaryl, Baygon, aldicarb

Question 6

What are the botanicals?

Answer 6

pyrethrums (chrysathemums), rotenone, nicotine

Question 7

What are SX of botanicals

Answer 7

Pyrethrums: CNS excitation, convulsions, paralysis - tx with antihistamines, atropine.
Rotenone: skin irritant, GI distress
Nicotine: DUMBBELS, death by resp. depression.

Question 8

What are the Rodenticides?

Answer 8

anticoagulants like warfarin, or arsenic trioxide

Question 9

What are the herbicides?

Answer 9

Pyridine analogs.
Paraquat: Pulmonary edema, lipid peroxidation, no antidote
Diquat: serious liver, kidney necrosis but better regenerative capacity than lungs