Clinical toxicoloy Flashcards
Why is Tagamet CI in Wafarin?
It blocks metabolism of warfarin
What do narcotics contain that can cause issues? How do you treat?
Lomotil (anti-diarrhetic) contains atropine. See CNS depression, miosis, respiratory depression, and CV collapse. Tx: support vitals, naloxone
What are characteristics of amphetamine overdose?
release of catecholamines, inhibit reuptake of NTs, hyperthermia, delerium, confusion, CV collapse
Treatment of amphetamine OD?
remove sensory input, monitor vitals, gastric lavage, control seizures, reduce hyperthermia
Characteristics of caffiene OD?
CNS stimualtion, delirium, hyperglycemia, arrhythmias, seizures
What is treatment for Caffeine OD?
support vitals, diazepam for seizures
What are the physiologic changes with THeophylline OD?
Methylxanthines - raise cAMP, calcium, adenosine, stimulates chemotrigger zone
What are the sx of theophylline OD?
NM spasticity, Increased HR, Vfib, Restlessness, excitement, delirium
What are side effects of Antipsychotic drugs?
dopamine receptor blockers - sedation to coma, EPS, anticholinergic effects, quinidine-like effect, neuroleptic malignant hyperthermia, chrorpromazine causes cholestasis
Treatment of Antipsychotic drug side effects or OD
support vitals, decontaminate, Lidocaine for arrhtymia
Tricyclic antidepressants side effects
Block seratonin and norepi reuptake, decrease ACh in basal ganglia. Can cause decreased temp, resp. depression, muscle dysfunction, seizures. Anticholinergic effects: blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare, bloated as a frog, Dry as a bone, red as a beet. And Arrythmias.
How do you treat TCA overdose/side effects
KCl and Sodium Bicarb, physostigmine for anti-cholinergic effects and lidocaine for arrhythmia
What happens when you overshoot with your physostigmine?
bradycardia and seizures
How do you treat sedative and hypnotic drug overdoses?
alkaline diuresis for some barbituates, stimulants are contra-indicated.
What happens with Vitamin A intox?
damaged membranes, increased ICP, desquamation of skin, N/V, muscle and joint tenderness, hepatic sclerosis and portal hypertension.
