Organnelles

Question 1

Cytoskeleton

Answer 1

A network of protein filaments that extend throughout the cytosol.

Question 2

Centrosome

Answer 2

Structure: Consists of a pair of centrioles and pericentriolar material

Function: Cell growth and cell division

Question 3

Cillia

Answer 3

Structure: numerous hair like projections that extend from the surface of the cell.

Function: moves fluids over cells surface

Question 4

Ribosomes

Answer 4

Structure: Composed of 2 sub units containing ribosomal RNA and proteins. Either free in cytosol or attached to the rouch endoplasmic reticulum.

Function: Protein synthesis

Question 5

Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth)

Answer 5

Structure

Membranous netowork of flattened sacs. Lacks ribosomes.

Function

• Synthesizes fatty acids and steroids.
• Inactivates and detoxifies drugs.
• Stores and releases calcium ions in muscle cells.

Question 6

Golgi complex

Answer 6

Structure: Consists of 3-20 flattened membranous sacs (cisternae). Divided into entry (cis) face and exit (trans) face.

Function: Entry face accepts proteins from rough ER

Medial Cisternae: forms glycoproteins, glycolipids and lipoproteins.

Exist face: modifies molecules further, the sorts and packages them for transport to the rough ER.

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

Structure: Consists of inner and outer mitochonrial membrane, cristae and a matrix.

Function

• Site of aerobic cellular repiration reactions that produce most of a cells ATP.
• Plays an important role in apoptosis.

Question 8

Flagella

Answer 8

Structure: “tail” (sperm cell)

Function: Moves an entire cell

Question 9

Endoplasmic reticulum (rough)

Answer 9

Structure

• Mombranous netowkr of flattened sacs/tubules.
• Covered in ribosomes.
• Connected to nuclear envelope.

Function: Synthesizes glycoproteins and phospholipids

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

all of the cellular components between plasmam membrane and nucleus

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

Houses most of cells DNA

Question 12

Cytosol

Answer 12

Fluid portion of cytoplasm that surround organelles.

Question 13

Lysosomes

Answer 13

Structure: Vesicle formed from golgi complex, cotains digestive enzymes.

Funtion

• Fuses with and digests contents of endosomes
• Transports final products of digestion into cytosol
• Digests worn out organelles, cells and extracellular matrix.
• responsible for autophagy autolysis