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INDU 330 > Organizations > Flashcards

Organizations Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 components of engineering management? (PLOC)

A

PLANNING
LEADING
ORGANIZING
CONTROLLING

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2
Q

what is “organizing”

A

arrange the work so it can be done

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3
Q

what is organizational structure?

A

defining actitivites to achieve goals, resources, relationships

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4
Q

contingency theory?

A

there is no best way to organize a corporation. the optimal way is dependent on the situation

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5
Q

3 Key assumtions for contigency theory

A
  1. environment: the more certain-the more bureaucratic
  2. technology: the more routine-the more bureaucratic
  3. size: the bigger-the more bureaucratic
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6
Q

six key questions for organizational structure?

A
  1. Work specialization-jobs are subdivided
  2. Departmentalization-how are jobs grouped
  3. Chain of command-who do individuals report to
  4. span of control-how many individuals can a manager handle
  5. centralization-who has authority
  6. formalization-rules and regulations
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7
Q

benefit and disadvantage of work specialization

A

efficiency

boredom, stress

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8
Q

what are the 5 types of departmentalization

A
  1. functional
  2. discipline
  3. product
  4. geographic
  5. customer
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9
Q

advantages of functional organizations.

A
  1. hierarchy
  2. facilitates specializations
  3. simplifies
  4. permits use of current tech
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10
Q

disadvantages of functional organizations.

A
  1. excessive centralization
  2. no personal growth
  3. restricts development
  4. delays decision making
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11
Q

what type of organizations are ideal for functional organizations

A
  • startups

- organizations with narrow product range

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12
Q

What type of organizations is the discipline type good for

A

universities, government labs, R&D

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13
Q

advantages of discipline:

A

promotes innovative pursuits

doesn’t require coordination from others

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14
Q

Pros of Product/geographical organizations

A
  • facilitates coordination
  • encourages development
  • promotes growth
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15
Q

Cons of Product/geographical organizations

A
  • expensive
  • technical obsolescence of specialists
  • changes take time
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16
Q

What are the 4 components of chain of command

A
  1. responsibility: duty
  2. accountability: upwards accountability
  3. authority: who gives orders
  4. unity of command: there should only be 1 superior
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17
Q

what is delegation?

A

assignment of authority to another person

18
Q

what is span of control?

A

number of subordinates that can be efficiently managed

19
Q

what do large vs small span of control do?

A

small: expensive, more managers, vertical communication is difficult
large: empowers workers, speeds up decisions

20
Q

Centralization vs Decentralization?

A

centralization: decisons are concetrated at top level
decentralization: decisions are pushed to lower levels

21
Q

what is Formalization

A

High Formalization: employees have less freedom and discretion
Low Formalization: employees have more freedom thus creativity

22
Q

Mechanistic Vs Organic Organization Structures

A

Mechanistic: Automated formal with precise role prescriptions(hierarchy of command) found in stable environments
Organic: simpler, with more freedom which develops creativity
most likely found in smaller firms

23
Q

Strengths of Simple Stucture

A

Simple, fast, flexible

24
Q

Weakness of Simple Structure

A

best in small orgs.
slow down desicion making
risky to rely on 1 person

25
Q

Pros of Matrix Organizations

A

Work load balance increase motivation and satisfaction
More flexibility
More information can be handled

26
Q

Cons of Matrix Organizations

A

Conflicts amoung managers
Dual reporting (communication problems)
ambuguity of resources

27
Q

Project Manager Focus

A

focused on schedule and cost

controls the money

28
Q

Functional Manager Focus

A

manpower skills, and facilities

focuses on quality and expertise

29
Q

types of new organizational forms

A
  1. non bureacratic structures
  2. flat structures
  3. multi skilled capabilities
  4. informal
30
Q

characteristics of new style

A

dynamic
info rich
customer/product oriented
lateral networks

31
Q

characteristics of old style

A 
stable
info is scarce
large
fucntional oriented
hierarchical
32
Q

characteristics of team organizations

A
  1. team leader is in full control

2. for short term high priority tasks

33
Q

purpose of team organizations

A
  1. create recommendations
  2. make or do things
  3. run things
34
Q

define Modular organizations

A

small core organizations that outsources major business functions

35
Q

pros of modular org.

A
  • can devote talent to critical activity
  • quick response
  • increased focus on customers and markets
36
Q

cons of modular org.

A
  • reduces control of managers

- relies on outsiders

37
Q

Network organizations

A

network of companies to share skills and costs/info

38
Q

pros of Network organizations

A
  • sharing
  • access to global markets
  • increase market response
39
Q

cons of Network organizations

A

-companies give up strategic control to work with each other

40
Q

Boundaryless organization

A

one that tries to eliminate the chain of command, limitless spans of control
replaces departments with teams

INDU 330 (7 decks)

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