Organizational Theories

Question 1

Taylor’s Scientific Mgmt

Answer 1

use scientific methods (time and motion studies), workers need to be scientifically chosen and trained, have equal division of management and workers, and cooperate with workers to ensure all work is done.
Link financial incentives for productivity

Question 2

Weber’s Bureaucracy

Answer 2

orderly and efficiency
impersonal, rational
hierarchy of authority
formal rules
separate owners/mgmt

Question 3

Mayo’s Human Relations Approach

Answer 3

Hawthorne Plant electric co

social factors were more important than work conditions for work motivation and productivity

Question 4

McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y

Answer 4

interactions between supervisors and workers. Self fulfilling prophecy.
Supervisor X: believes workers are lazy, irresponsible
Supervisor Y: believes workers like work and are self-directed

Theory Y is best

Question 5

Katz and Kahn’s Open Systems Theory

Answer 5

cycles of events, act to maintain homeostasis.

input -throughput-output cycles