Organism of organisms Flashcards
How would you define “cell”
cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life
Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound organells are called?
Eukaryotic cells
How to calculate the actual size of a specimen?
image size
__________
magnification
What is the purpose of the vesicles?
vesicles transport materials in the cell
what is the function of Nucleus & DNA ?
the nucleus contains the genetic material in the form of DNA which codes for proteins. DNA replications also occurs in the nucleus>
What does the mitochondria do?
mitochondria is the site of respiration. Provides energy for the cell to function.
where is the rough endoplasmic reticulum located?
the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) surrounds the nucleus and ribosomes are attached to it
what is the vacuole and which organism is it present in ?
the vacuole is a fluid filled sac present in animals and plants containing mineral salts, sugars, ammino acids, waste substances and pigments which color the cell and attract pollinating insects
What is the purpose of chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts is the site of photosynthesis, which allows plants to convert light energy to glucose
What role does the cell wall play in plants?
cell wall gives the cell structure and prevents bursting. It also controls what enters and exits the cell
What are the levels of organisms and explain them in order
Tissue: a group of similar cells working together to carry out a particular purpose.
Organ: a group of similar tissues working together to carry out specific functions
Organ system: group of related organs working together to carry out functions in the body.
How do ciliated cells function?
ciliated cells are found in the lining of the trachea. They have hair like projections called cilia which move together to transport mucus, dust and bacteria upwards to the throat
How are root hair cells adapted?
Root hair cells are adapted to have a large surface area. This increases the speed of the rate of the reaction of osmosis and mineral ions uptake in plants.
What are xylem vessels, what is the structure of it and what purpose does it play in plants?
Xylem vessels are used to transport water through plants in transpiration. The xylem is made out of hallowed out dead cells that have their ends removed to make a tube for water to pass throug. They have a thick cell wall to provide structural strength and are thin to allow capillary action.
what purpose does the palisade mesophyll cells play in plants?
This is where photosynthesis occurs. Mesophyll cells are tall and closely packed together to effectively absorb sunlight and contains lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis. They are also placed on top of the leaf where the most light hits enabling them to absorb as much light energy as possible.
