Organisation PART 3

Question 1

Heart failure treatment

Answer 1

Heart failure can be treated with a transplant or artificial heart

Question 2

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Answer 2

Cause: A build-up of fatty substances in the coronary arteries.
Effect: Oxygenated blood cannot get to the cardiac muscle.
Treatment: Stents - inserted into the blocked artery to open it up.
Statins - lower harmful cholesterol.

Question 3

Faulty heart valves

Answer 3

Valves don’t open or close properly, and blood can leak or flow in the wrong direction.
Biological valve transplant or a mechanical valve can be inserted.

Question 4

Cancer

Answer 4

The result of changes in DNA that lead to uncontrolled growth and division.

Question 5

Benign tumour

Answer 5

Contained in one area of the body (usually by a membrane) - not cancer.

Question 6

Malignant tumour

Answer 6

Invade tissues and spread to different parts of the body to form secondary tumours.

Question 7

Genetic risk factors of cancer

Answer 7

Carcinogens and ionising radiation increase the risk of cancer by changing / damaging DNA.

Question 8

Risk factors for heart/lung disease

Answer 8

Alcohol, diet, obesity and smoking.

These factors can also affect the brain, liver and the health of unborn babies.

Question 9

Transpiration

Answer 9

The rate at which water is lost from the leaves of a plant. The transpiration stream is the column of water moving through the roots, stem and leaves.

Temperature, humidity, air movement and light intensity affect the rate of transpiration.