Organisation Of The Human Body Section 1 Flashcards
The structure of a body part is related to
It’s function
Identify the correct levels of organisation of the human body from simplest to most complex
Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
A human being requires the following to maintain life
Pressure, heat, food, oxygen, water
This means that a body part is above another part of the body
Superior
This means a body part is below another part of the body
Inferior
This term refers to when a given body part is further away from a point of attachment than the other body part
Distal
This term refers to something on the body being toward the back
Posterior
This means that something is situated near the surface of the body
Superficial
This describes part of the human body which is more internal than other, superficial parts of the body
Deep
What term refers to the imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves
Medial
What refers to structures that are paired and there is one each side of the midline of the body
Bilateral
What is the arrange in order of complexity from simplest to most complex
Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
This term means towards to front of the body
Anterior
This means that a body part is towards the side and away from the midline
Lateral
Diagram of the body in half portrait
Medial (Midsagittal)
Diagram of the body in half landscape
Transverse (Horizontal)
Diagram of the body in half front facing arms
Frontal (Coronal)
What is the name of the cavity that houses the brain
Cranial cavity
Which cavity contains the terminal portion of the large intestines, the reproductive organs and the bladder
Pelvic cavity
Which organ would you find in the thoracic cavity
Lungs
Where would you find the mediastinum
Within the thoracic cavity
Which organ wouldn’t you find in the abdominal cavity
Heart
Where would you find the diaphragm
Between the thoracic and abdominal cavity
Which body parts can be found in the axial portion of the body
Head, neck and trunk
What terms refer to the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the human body
Homeostasis
Homeostatic mechanisms share 3 main components, what are they
Receptor, set point, effector
What is the term for a homeostatic mechanism that returns a deviations detected by the receptors back to the set point
Negative feedback
Which of the following bodily functions are examples of a negative feedback mechanism
Sweating on a hot day, the release of insulin by the pancreas after consuming a meal
What is a positive feedback mechanism
A process that moves conditions away from the normal state
Within a homeostatic mechanism, what is the name of the component that provides specific information (stimuli) regarding the internal environment
Receptor
Within a homeostatic mechanism what part of the process tells what a particular value should be
Set point
Within a homeostatic mechanism, what part of the process brings about the changes that alters conditions in the internal environment
Effector
What are most feedback mechanisms in the human body
Negative
What is the most common type of cell division in the body
Mitosis
What is the name of the type of cell division which is part of gametogenesis
Meiosis
What is the name given to the types of cell division that increases cell number and is vital for growth and development
Mitosis
What is the name given to the process by which cell death occurs and is a normal part of development
Apoptosis
What cell type do humans comprise of
Eukaryotic cells
What is the function of stem cells
They provide new cells for growth and tissue repair
