Organisation of the Body

Question 1

Cranial Cavity

Answer 1

Space with the skull containing the brain.

Question 2

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 2

Entire chest cavity - contains the lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus & bronchial tubes

Question 3

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 3

Space containing the liver, gallbladder & stomach.

Question 4

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 4

Space below the abdominal cavity containing the urinary bladder, the ureters, the urethra, rectum, anus and the uterus.

Question 5

Spinal Cavity

Answer 5

The space within the vertebral column that houses the spinal cord.

It extends from the base of the skull to the sacrum.

Within the spinal canal, the spinal cord is protected by cerebrospinal fluid and the meninges.

Below the endpoint of the spinal cord (conus medullaris), the spinal canal continues as the cauda equina, a collection of spinal nerve roots resembling a horse’s tail.

Question 6

Diaphragm

Answer 6

Muscle between the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Question 7

Pelvis

Answer 7

Hip bones

Question 8

Mediastinum

Answer 8

Space between the lungs - contains the heart.

Question 9

Peritoneum

Answer 9

A thin, double-layered membrane lining the Abdominal Cavity & covering its organs

Location: Abdominal Cavity
Membrane surrounding the abdomen organs.

Question 10

Pleura

Answer 10

A thin, double-layered membrane lining the Thoracic Cavity & covering the lungs

Function: maintain the integrity of the respiratory system

Question 11

Spinal Column

Answer 11

The long row of bones from the neck to the tailbone.
Often called the back bone.

5 Sections: 33 Vetebra, 24 Discs

Question 12

Spinal Chord

Answer 12

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells.
It extends from the base of the brain (brainstem) down through the vertebral canal within the spinal column.
The spinal cord is the main pathway for transmitting nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
It is surrounded and cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid and protected by the meninges.
The spinal cord typically ends around the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra (L1-L2) in most adults, at a point called the conus medullaris.

Question 13

Vertebra

Answer 13

A bone in the spinal column.

Plural: vertebrae.

Question 14

Disc or Disk

Answer 14

Cartialage, flexible connective tissue - lie between & cushion each vertebra.

Slipped disks press on the nerves entering & leaving the spinal chord.

Question 15

The Cervical Region
Spinal Column Division

Answer 15

Neck region
7 bones
C1-C7

Question 16

The Thoracic Region
Spinal Column Division

Answer 16

Chest
12 Bones
T1-T12

Question 17

The Lumbar Region
Spinal Column Division

Answer 17

Loin or Waist
5 Bones
L1-L5
L1 or L2 - the endpoint of the spinal chord, but the spinal canal continues on.

Question 18

The Sacral Region
Spinal Column Division

Answer 18

The Lower Back
5 fused vertebrae - no disks
S1-S5

Question 19

Coccygeal Region
Spinal Column Division

Answer 19

Coccyx or Tailbone
4 fused bones

Question 20

Frontal Plane

Answer 20

The Coronal Plane

A vertical plane dividing the body or body parts (ex. organs) into front and back portion.

Anterior: front portion
Posterior: back portion

Question 21

Sagittal Plane

Answer 21

The lateral plane.

A vertical plane dividing the body or body parts (ex. organs) into right and left halves.

Question 21

Transverse Plane

Answer 21

The axial plane

A horizontal plane dividing the body or body parts (ex. organs) into upper & lower portions - as in a cross section.

Above: superior. The stomach is superior to the intestines
Below: inferior. The liver is inferior to the right lung