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Radiation Safety 2 (Year 3 Revision) > Organisation of Radiation Protection > Flashcards

Organisation of Radiation Protection Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Qualified Expert (QE)?

A
  • Persons having the required knowledge and training to enable doses to be assessed and to give advice on radiation protection.
  • Persons recognised by competent authorities to have these skills.
  • Defined in the ‘old’ basic safety standards.
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2
Q

What roles replace Qualified Experts in the current basic safety standards? What are their roles? Which competent authority are they recognised by?

A
  • Radiation Protection Advisor (RPA): Individual(s) able to provide radiation protection advice in order to ensure protection of staff and the public. Recognised by the HSE.
  • Medical Physic Expert (MPE): Individual(s) able to provide advice on radiation physics aspects of medical exposures, including protection of the patient. Recognised by the Secretary of State.
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3
Q

Which role covers the following areas:
1. Personnel safety?
2. Patient safety?
3. Instrument calibration and maintenance?
4. Radioactive waste management?
5. Transport of radioactive material?

A
  1. Radiation Protection Advisor (RPA).
  2. Medical Physics Expert (MPE).
  3. Ionising Radiations Instrumentation Specialist (IRIS).
  4. Radioactive Waste Advisor (RWA).
  5. Dangerous Goods Safety Advisor (DGSA).
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4
Q

How are RPAs, MPEs and RWAs recognised?

A
  • RPA: HSE Statement on recognition.
  • MPE: Department on Health and Social Care (DHSE) Statement on recognition.
  • RWA: EA Statement on recognition.
  • Assessment body for all is RPA2000. An application via portfolio and peer assessment is made. A certificate of competence is provided and re-certification is required every 5 years.
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5
Q

What are the key roles/components of a radiation safety management framework? What are some other possible roles/components?

A

Key roles/components:
- Employer.
- RPA.
- Any other Qualified Experts required.
- Managers with radiation protection responsibility.
- RPSs.

Other possible roles/components:
- Radiation protection committee (and sub-committees e.g. medical exposure committee).
- Health & safety lead.
- Medical/clinical director.
- Medical engineering rep.
- Equipment manager.
- Secretarial support.

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6
Q

What activities are within the remit of a radiation protection committee?

A
  • Writing/approval of radiation safety documentation.
  • Receiving reports from managers/qualified experts.
  • Review personal monitoring and incidents.
  • Take necessary action to ensure regulatory compliance.
  • Report back to the Trust executive and health and safety communications.
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7
Q

What activities are within the remit of a medical exposures committee?

A
  • Writing/approval of IR(ME)R documentation.
  • Receiving reports from managers/qualified experts.
  • Review patient doses and DRLs.
  • Review QA.
  • Facilitate optimisation of exposures.
  • Report back to the radiation protection committee.
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8
Q

What is the framework for radiation protection within departments/directorates?

A
  • Manager responsible for implementation of Trust policies and procedures (e.g. training, personal monitoring, IR(ME)R procedures). This may be delegated to other senior staff.
  • RPS ensures compliance with local rules.
  • Communication up to the radiation protection committee.
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9
Q

What are some key documents associated with a radiation safety management framework?

A
  • Radiation safety policy.
  • Personal monitoring policy.
  • IR(ME)R procedures.
  • Radioactive materials policy/procedures.

Either included in one of the above or as separate documents:
- Equipment purchase/replacement.
- QA.
- Training.
- Audit.
- Incident handling.

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10
Q

What are some key records associated with a radiation safety management framework?

A
  • Individual training.
  • Personal monitoring.
  • Environmental monitoring.
  • QA/commissioning.
  • Equipment purchase/maintenance/handover.
  • Duties relating to RAM (e.g. transport).
  • Duty holders.
  • Incident/investigation reports.
  • Audit result.
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11
Q

What should general radiation worker (e.g. radiographers, radiologists, technicians etc.) update training include?

A
  • Legislation updates.
  • Feedback from regulators on inspections findings etc.
  • Discussion regarding any relevant incidents.
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12
Q

What are the training requirements for special duty holders (e.g. RPS, IR(ME)R duty holders)?

A

RPS:
- Training curriculum outlined in IRR.
- Formal course and regular updates (appropriate to specific RPS role).
IR(ME)R duty holder:
- Training curriculum outlined in IR(ME)R.
- Standard training for some staff groups.
- Additional training may be required for non-medical referrers , cardiologists, surgeons etc.

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13
Q

What are the training requirements for other workers around radiation areas such as nurses, porters, anaesthetists, estates etc.? How is this typically undertaken?

A
  • General awareness of signage and risks involved.
  • Informal face-to-face or online training.
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14
Q

Why are radiation safety audits performed?

A
  • To check/demonstrate regulatory compliance.
  • Engage staff.
  • Encourage improvement.
  • Identify issues.
  • Engrain safety culture.
  • Expected by inspectors.
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15
Q

What types of audit are expected by CQC and HSE?

A

CQC:
- Clinical audit.
- Audit of practice against employer’s procedures (e.g. ID checks, pregnancy checks).
HSE:
- Audit of IRR compliance (performed by RPA). A review against the ACOP.
- Audit of local rules compliance (performed by RPS).

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16
Q

What are the steps involved in an audit?

A
  • Define a goal (e.g. checking of personal dosimetry wearing). Restrict to one specific area and decide how results will be assessed (e.g. percentage of people wearing personal dosimetry in controlled area).
  • Define a simple method (e.g. unannounced visit, random sampling/questions etc.).
  • Record results accurately.
  • Determine action plan and set a re-audit date.
  • Share results with staff.
17
Q

What is clinical audit?

A
  • A tool for reviewing and improving healthcare outcomes and ensuring patient care is provided in line with best practice standards i.e. compares practice against standards.
  • MDT approach (e.g. image optimisation team including radiologists, radiographers and MPEs).
  • Possible outcomes: Improved diagnosis, lower dose, improving patient experience etc.
  • Report including results, improvement plan and re-audit date.

Radiation Safety 2 (Year 3 Revision) (30 decks)

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