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Biology > Organisation > Flashcards

Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the digestive system provide the body with?

A

Nutrients

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2
Q

How can you prevent Coronary heart disease?

A

If they improve their diet and do more exercise

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3
Q

Define a tissue?

A

A group of cells with a similar structure and function

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4
Q

Define the term organs?

A

Organs are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions

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5
Q

What do digestive enzymes do?

A

convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

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6
Q

What does Carbohydrases do?

A

Breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars

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7
Q

What is Amylase and what does it do?

A

It is a carbohydrase that breaks down starch

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8
Q

What does protease do?

A

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

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9
Q

What does lipase do?

A

Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

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10
Q

Where is bile made and stored?

A

It’s made In the liver and stored in the gal bladder.

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11
Q

What pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system.

A

The heart

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12
Q

What does the right ventricle do?

A

pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

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13
Q

What does the left ventricle do?

A

Pumps blood around the rest of the body

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14
Q

What are the 3 different types of blood vessels that the human body contains?

A

.arteries
.veins
.capillaries

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15
Q

What is the resting heart rate controlled by?

A

by a group of cells located in the right atrium that act as a pacemaker.

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16
Q

Define blood?

A

Blood is a tissue consisting of plasma, in which the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended.

17
Q

What is coronary heart disease?

A

layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them.

18
Q

How are stents helpful when you have coronary heart disease?

A

Stents are used to keep the coronary arteries open

19
Q

Where does coronary heart disease reduce the flow of blood?

A

Coronary arteries

20
Q

How does the coronary arteries get narrowed?

A

layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them.

21
Q

What happens if the heart valves may become faulty?

A

It will prevent the valve from opening fully

22
Q

What can patients have after their heart has a leak or stops working?

A

A heart and lungs Doner

23
Q

Define health?

A

Health is the state of physical and mental well-being.

24
Q

What are 2major causes of I’ll health?

A

Communicable diseases and non communicable diseases

25
Q

What are some simple factors of I’ll health?

A

Diet, stress and life situations

26
Q

How many different types of diseases effect the body?

A

Defects in the immune system mean that an individual is more likely to suffer from infectious diseases.
• Viruses living in cells can be the trigger for cancers.
• Immune reactions initially caused by a pathogen can trigger
allergies such as skin rashes and asthma.
• Severe physical ill health can lead to depression and other
mental illness.

27
Q

Risk factors that increase rate of disease?

A

.aspects of someone’s life style
.substances in the persons body or environment

28
Q

Risk factors for obesity, alcohol, smoking, cancer?

A

Obesity = risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.
Alchohol = effects the liver and brain
Smoking = lung disease, lung cancer and unborn babies
Cancer = Carcinogens, including ionising radiation, as risk factors in
cancer.

29
Q

How are many diseases caused?

A

interaction of a number of factors.

30
Q

What are benign tumours?

A

are growths of abnormal cells which are contained in one area, usually within a membrane. They do not invade other parts of the body.

31
Q

Malignant tumour cells are what disease?

A

Cancer

32
Q

Hat do malignant tumours do?

A

They invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body in the blood where they form secondary tumours.

33
Q

What is the leaf in a plant?

A

A plant organ

34
Q

Plant
• • • • •
tissues include:

A

epidermal tissues
palisade mesophyll
spongy mesophyll
xylem and phloem
meristem tissue found at the growing tips of shoots and roots.

35
Q

What does the root stem and leaves form?

A

a plant organ system for transport of substances around the plant.

36
Q

Root hair cells are adapted for the?

A

efficient uptake of water by osmosis, and mineral ions by active transport.

37
Q

What do xylem tissues do?

A

transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the stems and leaves.

38
Q

What is the role of the stomata and guard cells?

A

are to control gas exchange and water loss.

39
Q

What do phloem tissues do?

A

transports dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage. The movement of food molecules through phloem tissue is called translocation

Biology (5 decks)

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