Biogenetics

Question 1

Photosynthesis is represented by the equation:

Answer 1

carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

Question 2

Symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

CO2, H2O, O2 and C6H12O6.

Question 3

The glucose in photosynthesis may be used for what?

Answer 3

• used for respiration
• converted into insoluble starch for storage
• used to produce fat or oil for storage
• used to produce cellulose, which strengthens the cell wall
• used to produce amino acids for protein synthesis.

Question 4

The energy transferred supplies what for the living process?

Answer 4

all the energy needed for living processes.

Question 5

Respiration in cells can take place aerobically? What do they mean?

Answer 5

By using oxygen

Question 6

Respiration can take place in cells anaerobically? What does this mean?

Answer 6

Without oxygen

Question 7

Organisms need energy for:

Answer 7

• chemical reactions to build larger molecules
• movement
• keeping warm

Question 8

Aerobic respiration is represented by the equation:

Answer 8

glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

Question 9

Chemical symbols for Aerobic respiration?

Answer 9

C6H12O6, O2, CO2 and H2O.

Question 10

Anaerobic respiration in muscles is represented by the equation:

Answer 10

Glucose -> lactic acid

Question 11

As the oxidation of glucose is incomplete in anaerobic respiration, what happens to the energy?

Answer 11

much less energy is transferred than in aerobic respiration.

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells is represented by the equation:

Answer 12

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 13

Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called what?

Answer 13

fermentation

Question 14

Why is fermentation important in Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells ?

Answer 14

has economic importance in the manufacture of bread and alcoholic drinks.

Question 15

During exercise the human body reacts to what?

Answer 15

the increased demand for energy.

Question 16

The heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume increase during exercise to supply what?

Answer 16

to supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood.

Question 17

If insufficient oxygen is supplied what takes place?

Answer 17

anaerobic respiration takes place in muscles.

Question 18

The incomplete oxidation of glucose causes a build up of what?

Answer 18

Lactic acid

Question 19

During long periods of vigorous activity muscles become

Answer 19

fatigued and stop contracting efficiently.

Question 20

What is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body?

Answer 20

Metabolism

Question 21

The energy transferred by respiration in cells is used by what?

Answer 21

the organism for the continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolism that synthesise new molecules.

Question 22

Metabolism includes:

Answer 22

• conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
• the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol
and three molecules of fatty acids
• the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which
in turn are used to synthesise proteins
• respiration
• breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.