Organisation Flashcards
What is an organ?
a group of tissues that carry out a particular function
What is an organelle?
a membrane bound cell structure that carries out a particular function
What is a tissue?
a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function
What is a nerve cell called?
A neuron
What is the function of a neuron/nerve cell?
conduction of electrical impulses
How is a nerve cell adapted to carry out it’s job?
Axon is covered with a fatty myelin sheath which speeds up the nerve impulses/ Large surface area due to dendrites which allows more electrical signals over longer distances
What is a muscle cell’s function?
Contraction for movement
How is a muscle cell adapted to carry out it’s job?
contain lots of mitochondria to provide energy for contraction via aerobic respiration
What is the function of a sperm cell?
to reproduce by fusing with an egg cell and passing on the genes
How is a sperm cell adapted to carry out it’s job?
it’s head contains enzymes which allow it to break down the cell wall of the egg cell/ high amount of mitochondria to provide energy for the cell to swim via aerobic respiration
What is the function of a root hair cell?
absorption of water and mineral ions from soil
How is a root hair cell adapted to carry out it’s job?
large surface area so the rate of water uptake by osmosis is greater/ lots of mitochondria to provide energy for the active transport of mineral ions/ the permanent vacuole contains cell sap that is more concentrated that water in the soil which maintains the water potential gradient
Why are there no chloroplasts in a root hair cell?
there is no need for them- there is no sunlight underground to be absorbed for photosynthesis
Give two examples of tissues?
epithelial tissue and xylem tissue
Why is an artery described as an organ but a capillary is not?
an artery is made up of multiple types of tissues, like epithelial and muscle tissues, but a capillary is made up of only one tissue type - epithelial
