Organisation Flashcards
What is a tissue ?
group of one type of cell that carries out a specific function
what is an organ ?
different tissues that carry out a joint function
what is a organ system ?
group of organs that carry out one function
what does the salivary gland do?
produces amylase
What does the liver do?
produces bile which emulsifies fats and neutralises stomach acids.
What does the gall bladder do?
stores bile
what does the small intestine do?
absorbs glucose into the blood
what does the stomach do?
digests food and provides an environment for protease to work.
what does the pancreas do ?
produces enzymes and insulin
what does the large intestine do?
removes excess water
What does Lipase do?
- Lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
- which are made in the pancreas and small intestine
- to work in the small intestine.
What does protease do ?
- Protease breaks down proteins into amino acids
- made in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine
- to work in the stomach and small intestine.
What does amylase do ?
- Amylase breaks down starch into sugars
- that are made in the salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine - to work in the mouth and small intestine.
Explain the lock and key method for enzymes:
- a specific substrate fits into the active site of a specific enzyme.
- This becomes an enzyme substrate complex.
- Then, 2 products are released from the active site
- the enzyme remains unchanged and can be used again.
How does temperature effect enzyme activity ?
Enzymes optimal temperature is 37 degrees
- below this enzymes don’t have enough energy to function properly
- above the enzymes will denature
How does PH effect enzyme activity ?
they have an optimal ph and if not they will denature
what is the respiratory system for?
used for gas exchange
Name the features of the heart:
vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
What do veins do?
carry deoxygenated blood, where as pulmonary carries oxygenated
what do arteries do?
carry oxygenated blood, where as pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated
What function does the mouth have in the respiratory system?
where air enters the body
What function does the trachea have in the respiratory system?
wind pipe
What function does the bronchus have in the respiratory system?
branch of the trachea
What function does the bronchiole have in the respiratory system?
branch of bronchus
What function does the alveoli have in the respiratory system?
where gas exchange happens due to large surface area
What function does the diaphragm have in the respiratory system?
moves up and down to bring air in and out.
how does the right side of the heart differ to the left?
right side only pumps blood to lungs
left side larger muscle so pumps blood to rest of body
what are capillaries and their functions ?
- allows diffusion of blood
- one cell thick
- large surface area
what are the features of arteries ?
- thick walls can carry blood under high pressure
- thin lumen (gap in middle)
what are the features of veins?
- valves prevent back flow
- thin walls
- thick lumen
what are pacemakers ?
can help the heart keep time
what is cardiovascular disease?
fatty deposits build up in the coronary arteries which restricts blood flow to the heart muscles. therefore, can lead to heart failure/ heart attack/ stroke
define health.
the state of physical and mental well being
