Organics Flashcards
What are organic toxicants?
Carbon based compounds
Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC)
Crude oil - unrefined, make of aromatic and aliphatic compounds of chains from C5 - C50, highly lipophlic
What is fraction 1 PHC used for?
Volatile fraction used for gasoline
What is fraction 2 PHC used for?
To produce kerosene, creosote, diesel
What is fraction 3 PHC used for?
Used to produce diesel and lubricating oils
what is fraction 4 PHC used for?
Used for waxes, bitumen/asphalt/tar
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Two or more fused aromatic rings, produce when organic material is burned (combustion), natural and anthropogenic sources.
- Low solubility
- Lipophilic
- Some are pryogenic (pyrolytic), petrogenic or biogenic
How can PAHs affect vertebrates?
Relatively unreactive, metabolic pathways can alter reactivity, can be carcinogenic
Creosote
Derived from coal tar, made of PAHs, uned to treat against wood root, cans been used medicinally and as meat preserver
Where are PAHs found in the environment?
MAin sinks are soils and sediment
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Very stable, inflammable, non conductive, man-made, insulating fluid, hydraulic fluid, flame retardant, persistent and hydrophobic, all anthropogenic, chronic effects on endocrine system, carcinogenic
Dixoins and Furans
Chlorinated organics, persistent and hydrophobic, not metabolized, some toxic to mammals, interfere with endocrine system and carinogenic
-Metal refineries, pulp and paper mills, manufacturing
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs)
Dioxins
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)
Furans
Chloracne
Acne-like eruption of cysts form the exposure (initially chlorine) halogenated aromatic compounds, inflammatory response to dioxins