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organic reactions and reagents Flashcards

1
Q

what is the reagent used to convert a monohaloalkane to an alcohol

A

aqueous potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide

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2
Q

what is the reagent used to convert a monohaloalkane to an ether

A

potassium methoxide in methanol (an alcoholic alkoxide)

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3
Q

what is the reagent used to convert a monohaloalkane to a nitrile

A

ethanolic potassium or sodium cyanide

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4
Q

what is the reagent used to convert a monohaloalkane to an alkene

A

heat under reflux with ethanolic potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide

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5
Q

what is the reagent used to convert an alkene to an alcohol

A

water

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6
Q

what is the catalyst used to convert an alkene to an alcohol

A

sulfuric acid

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7
Q

what is the reagent used to convert an aldehyde or ketone to an alcohol

A

lithium aluminium hydride

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8
Q

what is the reagent used to convert alcohols to alkoxides

A

reactive metals like sodium or potassium

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9
Q

what is the reagent used to convert alcohols to alkenes

A

aluminium oxide or concentrated sulfuric acid

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10
Q

what is the reagent used to convert alcohols to esters

A

carboxylic acid or acid chloride

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11
Q

what is the catalyst for convertin an alcohol to an ester

A

concentrated sulfuric acid

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12
Q

what is the reagent for converting an alkene to alkane

A

hydrogen

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13
Q

what is the catalyst for converting an alkene to an alkane

A

nickel or platinum

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14
Q

what is the reagent for converting an alkene to a haloalkane

A

a halogen

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15
Q

what is the reagent for converting an alkene to a monohaloalkane

A

hydrogen halides like HBr

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16
Q

what is the reagent for converting an alkene to an alcohol

A

water

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17
Q

what is the reagent for converting an amide to a carboxylic acid

A

aqueous acid

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18
Q

what is the catalyst for converting an amide to a carboxylic acid

A

aqueous alkali

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19
Q

what is the reagent for converting a carboxylic acid into an alkylammonium salt

A

amine

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20
Q

what is the reagent for converting an amine to a salt

A

mineral acid (HCl, etc)

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21
Q

what is the reagent for converting bezene into methyl benzene

A

methyl chloride

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22
Q

what is the reagent for converting benzene into chlorobenzene

A

iron chloride or chloride

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23
Q

what is the reagent for converting benzene into benzenesulfonic acid

A

concentrated sulfuric acid

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24
Q

what is the reagent for converting benzene into nitrobenzene

A

concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acids

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25
what is the reagent used to convert an alcohol to a ketone
dilute sulfuric acid
26
what is the reagent used to convert a ketone to an alcohol
lithium aluminium hydride
27
what is used to convert an acid to an ester
alcohol and concentrated sulfuric acid
28
what is used to convert an ester to an acid
water
29
what is used to convert an acid to a salt
sodium hydroxide
30
what is used to convert a salt to an acid
hydrochloric acid
31
what is used to convert an acid chloride to an ester
alchohol with concentrated sulfuric acid
32
what is used to reduce an acid into an aldehyde
llithium aluminium hydride
33
what is used to oxidise an aldehyde into an acid
dilute sulfuric acid and potassium dichromate
34
what is used to reduce an aldehyde to a primary alchohol
lithium aluminium hydride
35
what is used to oxidise a primary alcohol into an aldehyde
dilute sulfuric acid and potassium dichromate
36
what is used to dehydrate primary alcohols into alkenes
concentrated sulfuric acid or concentrated phosphoric acid
37
what is used to hydrate alkenes into alcohols
water and concentrated sulfuric acid
38
what is used to crack an alkane into an alkene
aluminium oxide with heat as a catalyst
39
what is used to convert alkenes into alkanes
hydrogen with nickel as a catalyst
40
how are alkanes converted into benzene
reforming
41
what is the name of the conversion of alkanes into haloalkanes
radical substitution
42
what is used to convert an alkane into a haloalkane
chlorine or bromine
43
what is the name for the conversion of alkenes into dihaloalkanes
electrophilic addition with a transition state intermediate
44
what is the name for the conversion of alkenes into haloalkanes
electrophilic addition with a carbocation intermediate
45
what is used to convert alkenes into dihaloalkanes
chlorine or bromine
46
what is used to convert alkenes into monohaloalkanes
hydrogen halids like hydrogen chloride
47
what is used to convert haloalkanes into alkenes
alcoholic potassium hydroxide
48
what is the name for the conversion of haloalkanes into alkenes
based induced elimination
49
what is the name for the conversion of haloalkanes into ethers
nucleophilic substitution
50
what is the name for the conversion of haloalkanes into amines
nucleophilic substitution
51
what is the name for the conversion of haloalkanes into nitriles
nucleophilic substitution
52
what is the name for the conversion of haloalkanes into alcohols
nucleophiic substitution
53
what is the reagent used for converting haloalkanes into ethers
alchoholic alkoxides
54
what is the reagent for converting haloalkanes into amines
concentrated ammonia
55
what is the reagent for converting haloalkanes into nitriles
ethanolic potassium or sodium cyanide
56
what is used to convert a nitrile into an amine
lithium aluminium hydride
57
what is used to convert nitriles into acids
hydrolysis with dilute sodium hydroxide
58
what is the reagent used to oxidise secondary alcohols into ketones
potassium dichromate and dilute sulfuric acid
59
what is the reagent used to reduce ketones into secondary alcohols
lithium aluminium hydride
60
what do you get through the nucleophilic addition of ketones or aldehydes
derivatives
61
what is used to convert haloalkanes into alcohols
potassium or sodium hydroxide
62
what is the name for the conversion of benzene into alkylbenzenes
alkylation
63
what is the name for the conversion of benzene into nitrobenzene
nitration
64
what is the name for the conversion of benzene into benzene sulphonic acid
sulphonation
65
what is the name for the conversion of benzene into halobenzene
halogenation
66
what is used to convert benzene into an alkylbenzene
aluminium chloride and the the alkyl group attached to a halogen
67
what is used to convert benzene into nitrobenzene
nitronium ion
68
what is used to convert benzene into benzene sulphonic acid
concentrated sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide
69
what is used to convert benzene into halobenzene
the halogen and aluminium chloride or bromide

AH Chemistry (35 decks)

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