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Chemistry > Organic Reactions and Conditions > Flashcards

Organic Reactions and Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Alkene to Polyalkene

A

High pressure suitable catalyst
Addition polymerisation

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2
Q

Alkene to Dihalogenoalkane

A

Bromine/Chlorine
room Temp
Electrophilic addition

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3
Q

Alkene to alcohol
Alcohol to Alkene

A

Sulphuric acid
Electrophilic addition
Warm H2O
Hydrolysis

Conc Sulphuric/Phosphoric acid
Elimination, dehydration

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4
Q

Alkane to Halogenoalkane

A

Bromine/Chlorine
UV light
Free radical Substituion

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4
Q

Alkene to halogenoalkane
halogenoalkane to Alkene

A

HX
Room temp
Electrophilic addition

KOH ethanolic
Heat under reflux
Elimination
role of KOH: nucleophile/base

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5
Q

Halogenoalkane to Alcohol

A

KOH aqueous
heat under reflux
Nucleophilic Substitution

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6
Q

Halogenoalkane to Primary Amine

A

NH3 ethanolic
Heat under pressure
Nucleophilic Substitution

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6
Q

Halogenoalkane to Nitrile

A

KCN ethanol/water mixture
Heat under reflux
Nucleophilic subsitution

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7
Q

Primary Amine to Secondary (Nsub) Amide

A

Acyl Chloride
Room Temp
Nucleophilic addition elimination

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7
Q

Nitrile to Primary Amine

A

LiAlH4 in ether
Reduction

OR

Ni/H2

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8
Q

Primary Amine to Secondary Amine/ Tertiary Amine/ Quaternary Salt

A

Halogenoalkane
Nucleophilic Substitution

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9
Q

Acyl Chloride/Acid Anhydride to Primary Amide

A

NH3 room temp
Nu addition elimination

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10
Q

Acyl Chloride/Acid Anhydride to Secondary Amide

A

Primary amine
room temp
Nu add/elim

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11
Q

Acyl Chloride/Acid Anhydride to Carboxylic Acid

A

H2O room temp
Nu add/elim

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11
Q

Acyl Chloride/Acid Anhydride to Ester

A

Alcohol
room temp
Nu add/elim

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12
Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol + H2SO4
heat
esterification

13
Q

Aldehyde/ketone to Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN + H2SO4
Nu Add

14
Q

Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A

(If primary) K2Cr2O7/H+
heat under reflux + excess oxidising agent
Oxidation

15
Q

Alcohol to Aldehyde/ketone
Aldehyde/ketone to Alcohol

A

If primary
Na2Cr2O7/H+
heat and distill
partial oxidation

If secondary
Na2Cr2O7/H+
heat
oxidation

NaBH4
Reduction
Nu Add

16
Q

Benzene to phenylethanone
including formation of electrophile and reformation of catalyst

A

AlCl3 + CH3COCl –> CH3CO+ AlCl4-
acyl chloride in the presence
of anhydrous aluminium
chloride catalyst
Electrophilic substitution

H+ + AlCl4- –> AlCl3 + HCl

16
Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Carboxylic acid +H2SO4
heat
esterification

17
Q

Benzene to Nitrobenzene
including formation of electrophile and reformation of catalyst

A

HNO3 + 2H2SO4 –> NO2+ + 2HSO4- + H3O+

conc nitric acid +
conc sulphuric acid
Electrophilic substitution

H+ + HSO - –> H2SO4

17
Q

2-Hydroxy-2-phenylpropanenitrile to 1-Amino-2-phenyl-propan-2-ol

A

LiAlH4
reduction

18
Q

phenylethanone to 2-Hydroxy-2-phenylpropanenitrile

A

KCN + H2SO4
Nu Add

19
Q

phenylethanone to 1-Phenylethan-1-ol

A

NaBH4
Reduction
Nu Add

19
Q

1-Phenylethan-1-ol to ester with ethanoic acid

A

Ethanoic acid + sulphuric acid
Heat
Esterification

20
Q

Nitrobenzene to Phenylamine

A

Tin and HCl
Reduction

21
Q

Phenylamine to methylphenylamine

A

CH3Cl chloromethane
Nu sub

22
Q

methylphenylamine to N-Phenylacetamide

A

Ethanoyl chloride CH3COCl
Nucleophilic addition elimination

Chemistry (33 decks)

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