Organic Ractions Flashcards
Esterification
-reactants and products
-aka ? what does it mean?
-catalyst used?
CA + alcohol produces ester and water
-condensation rxn. combining 2 small molecules to produce a big one and water
-yes. h2so4 and heat
Combustion
2 types
-what is produced in each type
- complete: co2 and h20
- Incomplete: c02, h20, soot (C), (CO)
Substitution
-what bond is broken in what substance?
-what is swapped?
reactants and products
-saturation in start vs end
-fast or slow? catalyst needed?
isomers?
-the single bond in alkane or aromatic
-hydrogen is swapped with halogen
-alkane/benze + X2 makes alkyl halide and HX
-remains saturated
-slow. needs UV, heat, acid h2so4
yes
Addition
-what does it take place on and where does it attack
-reactants vs products, saturation comparison
-isomers?
4 types and what are they
catalyst? is it faster?
-the double or triple bond of alkene or alkyne (unsaturated)
-unsat reactant + something produces saturated product
-yes
1. halogenation is adding a halogen X2
2. hydrogenation is adding h2
3. hydrohalogenation is adding HX
4. hydration is adding h20 and H goes to one end while OH goes to the other
no, yes
Bromine test
saturated vs unsaturated result
KMno4 test
saturated vs unsaturated result
saturated: stay orange
unsaturated: change to colourless
saturated: no change, stays purple
unsaturated: forms a brown ppt
Elimination
-reactant vs product saturation
-what are the 3 cases for elimination
-goes from saturated to unsaturated and forms a double bond
1.DRHYDROGENTATION alkane and catalyst: produces alkene and H2 gas
-remove 2 H’s from alkane
2. DEHYDRATION alcohol and catalyst: produces alkene and water
-remove the OH from alcohol and another H from adjacent
3. alkyl halide and OH- to produce alkene, water, and X-
-remove halogen and hydrogen. hydrogen will form water with oh, and the halogen will either stick to another substance (Na) or remain an ion
