Organic Pharm Chem Flashcards
The generic name of Nizoral
Ketoconazole
The ratio of disinfectant to the dilution of phenol required to kill a given strain of the bacterium Salmonella typhi
Phenol coefficient
An antifungal preservative used in syrups, elixirs, ointments, and lotions containing components such as sugars that support mold growth.
Potassium sorbate
Brand names of miconazole
Monistat
Micatin
Brand names of clotrimazole
Lotromin
Mycelex
Sulfonamides used for burn therapy
Mafenide
Silver sulfadiazine
MOA of Sulfonamide
PABA antagonists
The ff are preservatives except: Undecylenic acid Methyl paraben Benzoic acid Potassium sorbate
Undecylenic acid
The combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is also known as:
Co-trimoxazole
It is the treatment of choice for chronic UTI
Cotrimoxazole
A polyene anti-fungal antibiotic
Amphotericin B (from Streptomyces nodosus) Nystatin (from Streptomyces noursei)
Benzyl penicillin is also known as
Penicillin G
Penicillin V is also known as
Phenoxymethyl penicillin
Ampicillin is chemically known as
D-alpha-aminobenzylpenicillin
First generation urinary tract anti-infective
Nalidixic acid
The first fluorinated quinolone
Norfloxacin
MOA of fluoroquinolones
Inhibit the replication of bacterial DNA by interfering with action of DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II)
Combination therapy in the treatment of tuberculosis contain the following drugs, except: Ethambutol Rifampin Isoniazid Streptomycin
Streptomycin (only 2nd line)
These drugs are used in the treatment of amoebic dysentery, except: Tinidazole Chloroquine Etofamide Metronidazole
Chloroquine
It is the drug of choice for amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica, giardiasis caused by Giardia lambia and trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis.
Metronidazole
A fourth generation cephalosphorin
Cefepime
This drug is used in the treatment of chicken pox: Zidovudine Chloroquine Acyclovir Metronidazole
Acyclovir
Acyclovir has potent activity against several DNA viruses, more commonly including?
Herpes simplex type 1 and 2 viruses
Varicella zoster virus (chicken pox)
Epstein-Barr virus
Zidovudine, a pyrimidine analog, is one of the most effective drugs approved for the treatment of what?
HIV infection and AIDS
It is the drug of choice in the treatment of erythrocytic falciparum malaria.
Chloroquine
The generic name of Dalacin C which is often used to treat pimples is
Clindamycin
The study of chemical agents which are selectively more toxic to the invading organisms than the host:
Chemotherapy
Compounds that kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms when applied to living tissues
Antiseptics
A combination of non-ionic and cationic surfactants with iodine
Povidone-Iodine
The generic name of new Merthiolate is
Benzalkonium chloride
MOA of quinolones
Inhibition of DNA gyrase
Prodrugs of active anti-malarial metabolites, the dihydrotriazines
Biguanides
7 chloro 7-deoxy lincomycin
Clindamycin
This drug is effective against both exoerythrocytic and erythrocytic forms of malaria
Cycloguanil
Newest and most potent quinoline derivative for malaria
Mefloquine
It is recommended as a second-line treatment for chloroquine-sensitive or resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria, and is deemed a reasonable alternative for uncomplicated chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria.
Mefloquine
An aromatic diamide derivative used for sleeping sickness
Pentamidine
Trypanosomiasis refers to two chronic and eventually fatal diseases caused by Trypanosoma:
African sleeping disease (Trypanosoma brucei) and American sleeping disease (Trypanosoma gondii)
Methylated erythromycin
Clarithromycin
A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside whose structural prototype is kanamycin
Amikin (amikacin)
Structural congener of Symmetrel which is used for viral influenza
Rimantadine
(Symmetrel is amantadine)
Amantadine and rimantadine have been shown to be equally effective in preventing influenza A infections
More potent optical isomer of ofloxacin
Levo
These group of drugs share the same mechanism of action as that of sulfanilamide but are less effective
Sulfones
Mechanism of action of thiabendazole
Inhibition of cell division
This anti-burn therapy causes systemic acidosis
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
DOC for filarial infections
Diethylcarbamazine
Causative agents of lymphatic filariasis
Wucheria bancrofti
Brugia malayi
River blindness is caused by
Onchocerca volvulus
Active form of the sulfonamide
Ionized
Use of crotamiton
Scabicide
MOA of mebendazole
Decreased glucose uptake in the parasite (not affecting the host)
A sympathomimetic agent that bind to alpha receptors found centrally that cause suppression of apetite
Dexfenfluramine (Adifax)
An example of a glycine conjugation pathway Phenol to phenolsulfate Benzoic acid to hippuric acid Noradrenaline to epinephrine Antabuse to dithiocarbamic acid
Benzoic acid to its glycine conjugate, hippuric acid
The ff are characteristic of active transport, except: Follow saturation kinetics Expenditure of energy Carrier mediated Higher to lower conc gradient
Higher to lower conc gradient
These anti-diarrheals tend to decrease the pore sizes of GIT epithelial to prevent formation of watery stools
Astringent
This anti-histamine possesses the same indication as that of diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Fertility vitamins:
Alpha tocopherol (vitamin E)
Calcitriol, a hormone responsible for enhanced absorption of calcium from the intestines, is synthesized from
Vitamin D3
A metabolite of chloral hydrate
Trichloroacetic acid
A sample drug excreted via the saliva
Lidocaine
A vitamin A derivative used in the mgt of psoriasis
Etretinate (Tegison)
Structurally specific drugs are those whose activity depends on:
Ability to bind on a specific receptor
The most potent anti-bacterial alcohol
Primary
The antibacterial potencies of primary alcohols increase with molecular weight up to
C8
In alcohols, branching (increases/decreases) antibacterial potency
Decreases
Order of alcohols by decreasing potency
Primary>secondary>tertiary
Product of acid hydrolysis of penicillins
Penicillenic acid
Cidex is the commercial product of
Glutarol
A dialdehyde used as a dilute solution for equipment and instruments that cannot be autoclaved
Glutarol disinfectant solution (glutaraldehyde)
Presence of electron withdrawing groups attached to the alpha carbon of the amide side chain in penicillins render
Acid stability
Attachment of bulky groups to the alpha carbon of the amide side chain in penicillins render
Penicillinase resistance
A glycopeptide antibiotic
Vancomycin
A tumor is benign if
Tumor mass may be removed by surgery and regression of remaining cells occur
1 gram mass of tumor is equivalent to
1 billion cancer cells
The following are mucolytics, except
Bromhexine
Acetylcysteine
Caramiphen
Caramiphen is an antitussive whose activity is less than that of codeine
The side effects of steroids used for asthma are minimized when the drug is given
Via inhalation
Common side effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy are
Negative calcium imbalance (osteoporosis)
Impaired wound healing
Increased appetite
Hypertension
A progesterone derivative which is used for the treatment of endometrial cancer
Depo-provera
DOC for absence seizure
Ethosuximide
An anti-oxidant added in food products which are potent carcinogens
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
Pentavalent antimony in the presence of HCl gives a violet precipitate with this pink dye
Para-nitrobenzene azo-resorcinol
Expectorant obtained from the phenol volatile oil of Fagus grandiflora
Guaiafenesin
Mescaline is a ________ derivative
Phenylethylamine
Anesthetic of choice for labor
Methoxyflurane
DOC for acute attack of migraine
Ergotamine (avamigran - derivative of ergotamine)
Anesthetic of choice for patients with asthma
Enflurane
First propionic acid derivative
Ibuprofen (then joined by naproxen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and oxaprozin)
An example of iodophor
Povidone-iodine
Phenylmethanol is also known as
Benzyl alcohol
A characteristic of cancer cells:
(1) lack of normal growth controls
(2) synthesis of DNA occurs in the M phase
(3) G0 phase is the resting phase for all cell types
(4) none of the above
(1)
Carcinogenic substances obtained from paper
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Prostaglandins are also known as
Eicosanoids
Which of the following functional groups is the most basic? Imide Amide Amine Aniline
Amine
Derivatives of benzylsulfonylureas are
Oral hypoglycemics
A necessary precursor of visual pigment is
Retinal
Paracetamol is a/an
Aniline derivative
All of the ff are progestins except: Norethindrone Testosterone Ethynodiol diacetate Progesterone
Testosterone
Aspiring is to salicylic acid as morphine is to
Heroin
The functional group in pyridoxine is
Alcohol
Ascorbic acid and tetracycline are
Enols
MAO is classified as a/an
Enzyme
When used in pharmaceutic preparations, the purpose of hydroquinone, lecithin and alpha tocopherol is
Oil soluble antioxidant
Naturally occurring alkaloid derivatives of tropane are
Anticholinergics
Local anesthetic that is not a derivative of benzoic acid
Lidocaine
All of the ff are macrolide antibiotics, except: Erythromycin Oleandomycin Vancomycin Spiramycin
Vancomycin is a tricyclic glycopeptide
Ativan has this generic name
Lorazepam
Plasil is
Metoclopramide
The principal hydrolytic degradation product of aspirin is
Salicylic acid
Barbiturates containing a sulfur atom are usually
Ultra short acting
Although the prostaglandins are hormone-like, they may closely resemble which of the following chemically: Enzymes Porphyrins Proteins Lipids
Lipids
The onset and duration of barbiturate action is mainly a function of its
Lipid solubility
The prototype narcotic antagonist is
Naloxone
Lysergic acid diethylamide is
Ergot derivative
Orthohydroxybenzoic acid is
Salicylic acid
Diamox has a generic name of
Acetalozamide
Diphenoxylate is a structural analog of
Meperidine
Cevitamic acid is
Ascorbic acid
Match the brand names: Atabrine Artane Aralen Akineton
Quinacrine
Trihexyphenidyl HCl
Chloroquine phosphate
Biperiden
Kantrex belongs to this type of antibiotics
Kanamycin sulfate (Kantrex) is an aminoglycoside
Epinephrine is also known as
Adrenalin
1,3-dimethylxanthine
Theophylline
3,7-dimethylxanthine
Theobromine
Ethylenediamine salt of theophylline
Aminophylline
Of the ff penicillin congeners, the one with the broadest spectrum of action is: Pen V Methicillin Carbenicillin Oxacillin
Carbenicillin (has activity against P. aeruginosa)
Zantac is
Ranitidine
Tagamet is
Cimetidine
Pepcid, H2-bloc is
Famotidine
Axid is
Nizatidine
Cytotec is
Misoprostol
Ma huang is a/an
Alkaloidal amine
It is the entire plant or the overground portion of Ephedra sinica
Ma huang (astringent, yellow)
Procaine is chemically a/an
Esters
The functional group found in codeine and scopolamine is a/an
Ether
Aureomycin is
Chlortetracycline
Bonamine is
Meclizine
Meclizine is a
Meclizine is a moderately potent antihistamine used as an antinauseant in the prevention and treatment of motion sickness and in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with vertigo and radiation sickness
Polyene antibiotics include:
Nystatin
Amphotericin B
Griseofulvin
Nystatin and Amphotericin B
Among the three xanthines, it is the drug of choice for obtaining a stimulating effect of the CNS
Caffeine
A polysaccharide that is used as a plasma expander
Dextran
Te combination type oral contraceptive pill contains:
Estrogen and progestin (most common)
Simethicone is chemically classified as a/an
Silicone
An acidifying agent employed in effervescent salts and refrigerant drinks
Tartaric acid
This is an analgesic agent that is used to lessen severity of labor pains in obstetrics
Meperidine HCl (Demerol HCl)
Benzaldehyde is synthetic
Bitter almond oil
The ring common among penicillins and cephalosporins
Beta-lactam ring
Retin-A is
Tretinoin
Barbiturates with an intermediate duration of action (3-6hrs)
Amobarbital, Butarbital, Talbutal
Barbiturates with long duration of action
Barbital, Phenobarbital, Methabarbital
Barbiturates with short duration of action
Pentobarbital, Secobarbital
Vitamin C is extremely important in wound healing. Its principal effect is on the
Collagen formation
CNS depressants with skeletal muscular relaxant property, except: Methacarbamol, USP Carisoprodol, USP Baclofen Buspirone Meprobamate
Meprobamate
DOC for genital herpes being potent against DNA formation
Acyclovir
The drug most effective against malarial parasites in the liver but not effective against parasites within erythrocytes
Primaquine
Feldene is
Piroxicam
Voltaren is
Diclofenac
Depo-provera is
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Which of the ff actions of histamine is not blocked by H1 antagonists
(1) increase in salivary excretion
(2) increase in gastric secretions
(3) vasodilation
(4) itchiness
(2) is controlled by H2 receptors
Opium is an example of
Narcotic analgesic
Opium is obtained from the unripe capsules of
Papaver somniferum
Which of the following penicillin derivatives is both acid-stable and resistant to penicillinase: Methicillin Disodium carbenicillin Ampicillin Oxacillin Phenoxymethyl penicillin
Oxacillin
A diuretic that will manifest a competitive inhibition of the action of aldosterone: Triamterene Spironolactone Furosemide Chlorothiazide
Spironolactone
Streptomycin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics are
Ototoxic
Benzalkonium Cl is a germicidal surfactant which rendered inactive in the presence of
Soaps and other anionic detergents
Acetazolamide (Diamox) is rarely the drug of choice for diuretic therapy because it
Causes systemic acidosis and alkaline urine
The antipsychotic drug loxapine succinate (Loxitane) is a _______ compound
Dibenzoxazepine
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) is an agent useful in the treatment of diarrhea. It is structurally similar to
Meperidine
Which of the ff is classified as a broad-spectrum antibiotic? Ampicillin Pen G Na methicillin K phenethicillin
Ampicillin
An antimanic agent: Haloperidol Lithium salts LSD Phenol
Lithium salts
Liquefied phenol, USP:
Phenol containing 10% water
Castellani’s paint
Carbol-fuschin solution
This is an effective antidote for the treatment of poisoning by copper
Penicillamine
Tetracycline is a
Broad-spectrum, bacteriostatic agent
Which of the ff is not soluble in or miscible with alcohol, USP? Ether Acacia Methanol Phenobarbital Water
Acacia
The drug used in all types of tuberculosis
Isoniazid
Levarterenol (Levophed) is
L-norepinephrine
The most active aminoglycoside against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Streptomycin
The most effective agent in the treatment of Rickettsia, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia infection is
Tetracyclines
Aluminum and calcium salts inhibit the intestinal absorption of?
Tetracycline
Which of the ff penicillins is resistant to penicillinase? Polymyxin B Pen G Dicloxacillin Carbenicillin Streptomycin
Dicloxacillin
The quinolone derivative effective against P. aeruginosa is
Norfloxacin
Rancidity of fats may be due to
Oxidation of double bonds
A thiazide diuretic can
Enhance the action of amphetamines
Surfactants are characterized by
the presence of water-solubilizing and fat-solubilizing groups in the same molecule
Piperazine citrate (Antepar), gentian violet, pyrivinium pamoate (Povan) and thiabendazole (Mintezol) are all:
Anthelmintics
AZT or Azidothymidine is used in the treatment of
HIV or AIDS
Is a folate-reductase inhibitor
Trimethoprim
The structure of this class of antibiotic has a beta-lactam ring and a thiazolidine ring
Penicillin
Generic name of Duracef
Cephadroxil
This preparation is used as pediculicide
Lindane (Kwell)
An antibiotic that is obtained from Streptomyces noursei
Nystatin
The plant containing the anticancer drug, vincristine and vinblastine
Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus)
A very common adverse reaction of alkylating agents used in the treatment of cancer
Alopecia
The generic name of Diabinese
Chlorpropramide
A loop or high-ceiling diuretic
Furosemide
This drug is used as an osmotic diuretic
Mannitol
These are narcotic analgesics, except: Morphine Codeine Nalbuphine Mefenamic acid
Mefenamic acid
This is the prototype inhalation anesthetic
Halothane
Levodopa is used in the treatment of
Parkinson’s disease
Generic name of Nubain
Nalbuphine HCl
Methenamine is also called
Urotropin
Neurotoxicity caused by Isoniazid can be treated with
Pyridoxine
A broad-spectrum anthelmintic that is effective against a variety of nematode infestations and is the generic name of Antiox
Mebendazole
A common agent in smoking cessation programs providing patches
Nicotine
Thiabendazole (Mintezol), a benzimidazole derivative, is an anthelmintic drug used primarily to treat infections caused by
Strongyloides
One of the reasons why aminoglycosides are frequently combined with other antibiotics in treating certain infections is to
Prevent drug emergence of resistant bacteria
ACE inhibitors are associated with a high incidence of which of the following adverse reactions?
Cough, proteinuria, rashes, fever, hyperkalemia
Which of the ff chemotherapeutic agents has a good penetrability into the CSF? Streptomycin Gentamicin Tobramycin Chloramphenicol Cefalexin
Chloramphenicol is completely absorbed via the oral route
Father of chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich
Ineffective administration of nitroglycerin
Oral
This group is responsible for the bone marrow toxicity of chloramphenicol
NO2 group
Diazepam is used in the tx of the ff, except: Anxiety Status epilepticus Skeletal muscle spasm Analgesia Preoperative sedatkon
Analgesia
Which is not true regarding ceftriaxone: 3rd gen Resistant to B-lactamase Administered parenterally OD Resistant to acid
Resistant to acid
All of the ff subs are present in opium, except Thebaine Methadone Codeine Morphine Papaverine
Methadone
An antipyretic aniline derivative with weak anti-inflammatory activity
Acetaminophen
The most potent of the inhalation anesthetic agents
Methoxyflurane
Which of the ff antineoplastics is not considered an antimetabolite: Methotrexate Thioguanine Etoposide Fluorouracil Cytarabine
Etoposide
Which of the ff statements is NOT TRUE regarding the aminoglycoside antibiotics?
(1) highly ionized in solution
(2) bactericidal
(3) more effective in alkaline medium
(4) ototoxic and nephrotoxic
(5) easily absorbed after oral admin
(5)
Baclofen, a derivative of GABA is used in
Spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis
Long term use of tetracyclines in pregnant women should be avoided due to several reasons. Which of these is NOT TRUE?
(1) they chelate calcium ions
(2) predispose to discoloration of deciduous teeth in infant
(3) cause abortion
(4) cause yellow atrophy of the liver in the mother
(5) deposited in growing bones
(3)
All the ff antibiotics produce neuromuscular blockade, except: Ampicillin Kanamycin Streptomycin Neomycin Amikacin
Ampicillin
For the tx of systemic mycosis, which antifungal can be administered by IV?
Amphotericin B
Which of the ff agents is NOT used for local candidiasis? Nystatin Gentian violet Griseofulvin Miconazole Clotrimazole
Griseofulvin - fungistatic, effective only for dermophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton)
All of the ff are useful against Ascaris lumbricoides, except: Piperazine Niridazole Mebendazole Pyrantel pamoate Thiabendazole
Niridazole - for schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium)
What drug possesses “triad of features” which includes antiamebic, antigiardiasis, and antitrichomonal?
Mebendazole
Heparin is a/an
Extract of animal tissue
The DOC for acute attack of Plasmodium vivax malaria
Cloroquine
Drugs which act on erythrocytic cycle of malarial parasite
Will be effective for suppressive prophylaxis
DOC for ringworm infection is
Griseofulvin
Acetaminophen is preferred over aspirin in the following conditions, except: Rheumatic disease Patients with peptic ulcer Patients with bronchial asthma Children with influenza Children with chicken pox
Rheumatic disease
Oral neomycin and streptomycin are used for sterilization of bowel and for dysentery because:
They are at least absorbed from oral route
What is the most appropriate statement about indomethacin?
It is a powerful analgesic and anti-inflammatory with antipyretic and uricosuric actions
What preparation is a depot penicillin?
Benzathine penicillin
All of the ff drugs interfere with platelet activity, except: Aspirin Dimercaprol Protamine Warfarin Anisindione
Dimercaprol
6-aminopenicillanic acid is
The common nucleus of all penicillins
Diphenoxylate, an effective antidiarrheal drug is
Related to meperidine
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs, except: Quinidine Procainamide Disopyramide Phenytoin Amiodarone
Amiodarone
Which of the ff drugs does not reduce blood cholesterol level? Clofibrate Epinephrine Destrothyroxine Cholestyramine Colestipol
Epinephrine
What is the longest-acting nitrate?
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
What is the primary drug for the treatment of all seizure types except absence?
Carbamazepine
What penicillin is acid stable and therefore orally effective?
Cloxacillin
MAO inhibitor used as an antidepressant drug
Tranylcypromine
Which of the ff is not used for topical application on external surfaces? Mafenide Silver sulfadiazine Sodium sulfacetamide Sulfisoxazole Resorcinol
Sulfacetamide sodium - ophthalmic
The ff benzodiazepines are commonly used in the treatment of anxiety, except: Chlordiazepoxide Clonazepam Alprazolam Lorazepam Diazepam
Clonazepam - epilepsy, for absence and myoclonic seizures
All of the ff statements are true concerning the penicillins, except
(1) damage the cell wall of bacteria
(2) piperacillin and ticarcillin have activity against P. aeruginosa
(3) contraindicated to px with allergy to any one penicillin
(4) obtained from Streptomyces
(4)
In choosing benzodiazepine for tx of insomnia, all are impt except
(1) age of px
(2) mental status of px
(3) half life of drug
(4) absorption of drug
(5) underlying sleep disorder
(2)
Antibiotic most commonly used in topical preparations
Bacitracin
Preferred agent for HTN emergencies
Sodium nitroprusside
Superior to acyclovir in the treatment of herpes viruses in the CNS in neonates
Vidarabine
Which of the ff bases is most susceptible to alkylating agents? Adenosine Cytosine Thymidine Guanine Uridine
Guanine
Vincristine is used primarily in the tx of?
Hodgkin’s disease
Which of the ff chemotherapeutic agents is not bactericidal? Carbenicillin Gentamicin Cefuroxime Eryhtomycin Vancomycin
Erythromycin
Macrolides are bacteriostatic generally, they may be cidal at higher doses.
For the tx of systemic mycoses, what is the DOC that can be administered through IV route?
Amphotericin B
Penicillin is the DOC for the ff infective conditions, except: Gonococcal Pneumococcal Treponema pallidum Streptococcal Pseudomonal
Pseudomonal
Active metabolite of levodopa
Dopamine
Active metabolite of prednisone
Prednisolone
Active metabolite of bacampicillin
Ampicillin
Active metabolite of cyclophosphamide
Phospharamide mustard
DOC for scabies
Benzyl benzoate
Sensitivity of gram (-) bacilli to amoxicillin is due to its
Amino group
Bone marrow depression resulting in pancytopenia is the toxic effect of the ff, except: Oxytetracycline Chloramphenicol Methotrexate Mitomycin Dactinomycin
Oxytetracycline
The ff possess antimalignant property except: Mitomycin Bleomycin Streptomycin Daunorubicin Plicamycin
Streptomycin
Utilized by Florey and Chain in isolating penicillin
Freeze-drying
The metabolite of the red dye, prontosil, responsible for its antimicrobial property
Sulfanilamide
Which of the ff antiviral agents is not useful for the tx of herpes viral infection? Vidarabine Interferon Trifluridine Acyclovir Idoxuridine
Interferon
All of the ff chemotherapeutic agents are prophylactic, except:
Amantadine against influenza A
Chloramphenicol against typhoid fever
Isoniazid against TB
Tetracycline against rickettsia
Pyrimethamine against malaria in endemic areas
Chloramphenicol is used as tx not prophylaxis of typhoid fever
Amphetamine causes (hyper/hypo)tension
Hypertension
Nitrous oxide is characterized by?
Low potency, good analgesia, poor skeletal muscle relaxation
A drug receptor may be all of the ff except Isolable enzyme Functional component of cell membrane Protein or nucleic acid Chelates
Chelates
MOA of trimethoprim
Folate reductase inhibitor
A drug molecule which possesses both intrinsic activity and affinity
Agonist
Antidote for Wilson’s disease
Penicillamine
Which is not a chelating agent? 8-methoxyquinoline 8-mercaptoquinoline 8-hydroxyquinoline 4-AZA-Oxime
8-methoxyquinoline
Dimercaprol is also known as
BAL
dithioglycerol
2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol
Synthesized from dry hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide at 300 degrees and 200 atm pressure
Tetrachloroethylene
Passive diffusion includes what drug?
Lipid soluble
It is the tendency of the drug to combine with the receptor
Affinity
Brand name of bisacodyl
Dulcolax
Pen G is also known as
Benzylpenicillin
Organo-Silicon polymers containing O and Si atoms with a substituent organic groups
Silicons
A phenol primarily obtained from clove oil
Eugenol
Which vitamin B is used in the treatment of pernicious anemia?
Cyanocobalamin
A macrolide antibiotic which was found in the soil of Iloilo
Erythromycin
The ff antimalarials are synthetic except Atabrine Aralen Camoquin Quinine
Quinine
Polyene antibiotics for fungi
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
Also known as solvent shift
Bulk transport
Externally, ethyl alcohol is employed as
Refrigerant
Rubefacient
Astringent
Carbonic acid gas
Carbon dioxide
For px allergic to penicillins, this drug is used as alternative
Erythromycin
These anti-diarrheals trap the toxins and flushes them out of your system
Adsorbents
DOC for UTI
Co-trimoxazole
MOA of sulfamethoxazole
Inhibits incorporation of PABA into folic acid
MOA of trimethoprim
Prevents reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate
Chemical name of Phenethicillin
Phenoxyethyl penicillin
Uses of methylene blue except
CN poisoning
Nitrate poisoning
Barbiturate poisoning
Barbiturate poisoning
MOA of this anti-tb is to inhibit protein synthesis
Streptomycin
Compounds that result from a combination of electron donors with a metal ion to form a ring structure
Chelates
Transport of drug molecules from the site of administration to the systemic circulation
Absorption
Methylsalicylate is also known as
Oil of wintergreen
Agents that facilitate evacuation of bowels
Cathartics
Absolute alcohol is commercially prepared by
Azeotropic distillations
Nubain is
Nalbuphine HCl
Kaopectate
Kaolin + Pectin
Least stable of all vitamins
Ascorbic acid
A change in the structure of isoniazid causes
Decrease in the potency of the drug
Most toxic vitamin
Retinoic acid
Major organ for excretion
Kidney
Generic name of Benadryl AH
Diphenhydramine
A bright red dye that was found to create remarkable cures of streptococcal infections
Prontosil
Halazone is a/an
Chlorine-containing anti-infective
DOC for leprosy
Dapsone
Metabolic function of niacin
Redox reactions
Fat-soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
In terms of pH, aspirin is absorbed in the
Stomach
Therapeutic gas used as a gas diluent/carrier
Helium
The ff drugs are extensively metabolized in the liver, except Isoproterenol Propranolol Lidocaine Paracetamol
Paracetamol
A dye used in vital nerve staining
Methylene blue
A potentially fatal aplastic anemia is a toxicity associated with
Chloramphenicol
Which is not true for cephalosphorins? Broad spectrum Bactericidal Affected by penicillinase Acid-stable
Affected by penicillinase
Bactrim and Septrim are trade names for a fixed-dose combination of
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim
What drug, in high doses, is most likely to cause tinnitus and hearing loss?
Aspirin
An example of a commercial product that is pro-drug: Lasix Geocillin Morphine Valium
Lasix
All of the ff are correct except
Sulfonamides increase risk of neonatal kernicterus
Ketoconazole penetrates CSF
Metronidazole is effective against Enterobacter histolytica
Mebendazole is the DOC for whipworm infections
Ketoconazole does not enter the CNS
Large overdoses of acetaminophen are likely to cause
Hepatic necrosis
