Biochemistry Flashcards
The order and sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide determines what protein structure
Primary
The inhibition in a noncompetitive reaction
Binds simultaneously with substrate other that the active site
Amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the organism are called
Essential amino acids
Which hormone regulates the level of blood sodium
Aldosterone
Its a precursor of vitamin A
B-carotene
Which of the ff is a precursor of vit D Prostaglandin Linoleic acid Cholesterol Aldosterone
Cholesterol
7-dehydrocholesterol -> cholecalciferol (vit D3)
Class enzymes introduces a double bond by the removal of hydrogen
Dehydrogenase
The ionic property of amino acid is exhibited by its
Zwitterions form
All of the ff are simple proteins except Glutelins Globulins Albumins Glycoproteins
Glycoproteins (proteins with oligosaccharides)
Simplest monosaccharide
Glyceraldehyde
Denaturation of protein is a result of
Breaking of H bond
Competitive inhibition is a ______ reaction
Reversible
In the seliwanoffs test, the reaction of resorcinol and acid on the sugar forms
Hydroxymethyl furfural
High conc of neutral salts caused the ppt of proteins. This is called
Salting out
The type of enzyme inhibition reaction whereby the inhibitor competes with the substrate at the active site
Competitive inhibition
The ff are waxes except Beeswax Sperm oil Bile acids Lanolin
Bile acids
The inactive form of enzymes are called
Zymogens
Protein portion of the holoenzyme (enzyme with the cofactor)
Apoenzyme
Which of the ff has no alpha amino group Proline Hydroxyproline Glycine Both a and b
Both a and b contain imino group
An enzyme is a substance which
Act as a catalyst
Milk curdling enzyme present in gastric juice of infants
Rennin
Carbohydrates are
Polyhydroxyaldehydes/polyhydroxyketones
Insulin is usually classified as
Hormone
What amt of glucose is present in human blood
60-90mg in 100mL blood
It is the organelle which serves as the site of the electron transport chain
Mitochondria
The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is
Glucose
Iodine test is a reaction which may be used to identify carbohydrates. The reaction is due to
Presence of amylose portion
Benedicts reagent yield positive result to
Reducing sugars
Hypertonic solns will cause the cell to
Shrink
Rancidity of fats maybe due to
Oxidation
The deficiency of this hormone causes diabetes mellitus
Insulin
The active proteolytic enzyme in gastric juice
Pepsin
The site of oxidation reaction in electron transport chain is in the
Mitochondrion
Protein digestion atrts in the
Stomach
The conversion of an amino acid to sugar is
Gluconeogenesis
Which of the ff is not an amino acid Leucine Choline Valine Glycine
Choline is a nitrogenous base
The protein part of the enzyme molecule is the
Apoenzyme
Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the body
37C
Glucose is stored in the liver as
Glycogen
The enzyme conformation adapts to the incoming substrate in
Induced fit theory
The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called
Glycogenesis
All are pyrimidine bases except Guanine Cytosine Uracil Thymine
Guanine and adenine are purine bases
Glucose, amino acid and fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle by their conversion into
Acetyl coA
A hormone which stimulates glycogenesis
Insulin
Chemicals extracted from organism such as bacteria and can inhibit or destroy other microorganism
Antibiotic
The gland or tissue that regulates the blood glucose level
Pancreas
Which vitamin is formed in the body by exposure to ultraviolet irradiation or sunlight
D
Excess vit A and D is stored in the body, but excess vit B and C is readily excreted. What property shows this?
Vit C and B are water soluble
Vit A and D are fat soluble
It is the entire genetic makeup of an organism
Gene
The vitamin which is used in the prevention of degenerative changes in the CNS
Vit B complex
It is a model which best explains the enzyme-substrate action
Lock and key
The activation of pepsinogen requres
HCl
DNA is primarily found in the
Nucleus/Mitochondria
It is the enzyme which hydrolyzes starch to dextrin and maltose
Amylase
A synthetic DNA is called
Recombinant DNA
Hydrolysis of ATP is an
Energy producing reaction
Characteristic of lipid
Hydrophobic
It is a condition that results when sugar level is below normal
Hypoglycemia
An example of globular protein
Albumin