Organic Molecules Flashcards
What substances fall into the Carbohydrate category?
Sugars, starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
What is the basic building block of carbohydrates?
Glucose. All simple sugars are converted back to glucose by the body.
What elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
Chains of _____ make up Protein.
Amino Acids
Name 3 substances that are made of protein.
Enzymes, Antibodies, Haemoglobin, Cell Membranes, Keratin
What is the definition of a Protein?
A substance whose molecules are made of many amino acids linked together; each different protein has a different sequence of amino acids.
What elements make up an Amino Acid?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen.
What is the general name for fats and oils?
Lipids.
What is the difference between fats and oils?
Fats are solid at room temperature, oils are liquid at room temperature.
What elements make up Lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. Same as Carbohydrates, but with much less oxygen.
What two smaller molecules are fats made of?
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids (Cricket Wickets)
What is an emulsion?
A liquid containing two substances that do not fully mix; one of them forms tiny droplets dispersed throughout the other.
With what do you test for starch?
Iodine, if it turns black-blue, starch is present.
With what do you test for sugar?
Benedicts solution. If it turns orange-red, sugar is present.
With what do you test for fats?
Ethanol. If a milky white colour appears, fat is present.
