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Chemistry > organic mechanisms > Flashcards

organic mechanisms Flashcards

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1
Q

what mechanism makes an alcohol (OH) from halogenoalkane (R-Br/Cl/F/I)

A

nucleophilic substiution

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2
Q

what mechanism makes an amine (NH3) from halogenoalkane (R-Br/Cl/F/I)

A

nucleophilic substitution

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3
Q

what mechanism makes a nitrile (CN) from halogenoalkane (R-Br/Cl/F/I)

A

nucleophilic substitution

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4
Q

what mechanism makes an alkene(C=C) from halogenoalkane (R-Br/Cl/F/I)

A

base-catalysed elimination

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5
Q

what mechanism makes an alkene (C=C) from an alcohol (OH)

A

acid elimination

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6
Q

what mechanism turns an aldehyde to a primary alcohol

A

nucleophilic addition (H+)

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7
Q

what mechanism turns a ketone to a secondary alcohol

A

nucleophilic addition (H+)

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8
Q

what forms when a carboxylic acid and alcohol react in the presence of an acid catalyst

A

an ester

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9
Q

what is reaction of a carboxylic acid and alcohol to form an ester

A

esterification/condensation

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10
Q

what is acylation

A

replacing a H with an acyl group

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11
Q

what is the mechanism when water/alcohol/ammonia/amine reacts with acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides

A

nucleophilic addition-elimination

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12
Q

what does ammonia/amines and acyl chlorides form

A

amides

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13
Q

what does water and acyl chlorides form

A

carboxylic acids

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14
Q

what do alcohols and acyl chlorides form

A

esters

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15
Q

what forms when aldehydes/ketones react with hydrogen cyanide

A

hydroxynitriles

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16
Q

what mechanisms are involved with halogenoalkanes

A

nucleophilic substitution and base elimination

17
Q

what mechanisms are involved with alkEnes

A

electrophilic addition and acid hydration of ethene

18
Q

what mechanisms are involved with alcohols

A

acid elimination

19
Q

what mechanisms are involved with ketones and aldehydes

A

nucleophilic addition

Chemistry (11 decks)

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