Organic Definitions

Question 1

Addition reaction

Answer 1

A reaction where a molecule joins to an unsaturated molecule to produce a saturated molecule

Question 2

Aliphatic

Answer 2

Organic compounds containing C chains and branches

Question 3

Aromatic

Answer 3

Organic compounds containing one or more benzene ring(s)

Question 4

Carbocation

Answer 4

A positive ion with the positive charge on a C atom

Question 5

Cyclic

Answer 5

Organic compounds containing C ring (not aromatic rings) also called alicyclic

Question 6

Dehydration

Answer 6

Elimination of water

Question 7

Dehydrogenation

Answer 7

Elimination of hydrogen

Question 8

Electrophile

Answer 8

Lone pair acceptor

Question 9

Elimination reaction

Answer 9

Reaction where a molecule is lost from a saturated molecule to form an unsaturated molecule

Question 10

Free radical

Answer 10

Species with an unpaired electron

Question 11

Functional group

Answer 11

The atom or group of atoms that that is responsible for most of the chemical reactions of a molecule

Question 12

Homologous series

Answer 12

A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties. In a series, each member differs by the addition of a CH2 group and there is a gradual change in physical properties

Question 13

Hydration

Answer 13

Addition of water

Question 14

Hydrocarbon

Answer 14

Molecule containing hydrogen and carbon only

Question 15

Hydrogenation

Answer 15

Addition of hydrogen

Question 16

Hydrolysis

Answer 16

A reaction involving the breaking of bonds due to reaction with water

Question 17

Nucleophile

Answer 17

Lone pair donor

Question 18

Organic chemistry

Answer 18

Study of compounds containing carbon

Question 19

Saturated

Answer 19

Molecule containing no double bonds

Question 20

Stereoisomers

Answer 20

Molecules with the same molecular and structural formulae but a different spatial arrangement of atoms

Question 21

Geometric isomers

Answer 21

Type of stereoisomerism: molecules which have a different arrangement of groups around C=C

Question 22

Optical isomers

Answer 22

Type of stereoisomerism: molecules which are non-superimposable mirror images

Question 23

Structural isomers

Answer 23

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures

Question 24

Chain isomers

Answer 24

Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having a different carbon chain

Question 25

Position isomers

Answer 25

Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having the functional group in a different position

Question 26

Functional group isomers

Answer 26

Type of structural isomerism: structural isomers that differ by having a different functional group

Question 27

Substitution reaction

Answer 27

Reaction where an atom/group replaces another atom/group

Question 28

Unsaturated

Answer 28

Molecule containing double bond(s)