Organic chemistry (topic 4)

Question 1

Acid rain

Answer 1

rain that is acidic due to gases such as sulphur dioxide reacting with water vapour in the clouds

Question 2

Addition reaction

Answer 2

reaction in which at least 2 molecules combine together to form a larger molecule

Question 3

Alkanes

Answer 3

most common hydrocarbon found in crude oil. General formula of CnH2n+2

Question 4

Alkenes

Answer 4

Hydrocarbons with a double bond, unsaturated. general formula of CnH2n

Question 5

Biodegradable

Answer 5

able to be broken down by living organisms

Question 6

Catalytic cracking

Answer 6

long chain of hydrocarbons are heated at 600-700 degrees

Question 7

Combustion

Answer 7

burning of a substance.

Question 8

Complete combustion

Answer 8

carried out with sufficient oxygen. Water and carbon dioxide are the products

Question 9

Cracking

Answer 9

breaking down larger hydrocarbons to produce smaller molecules

Question 10

Crude oil

Answer 10

finite resource found in rocks

Question 11

Displayed formula

Answer 11

shows the bonds between every atoms in the compound

Question 12

Empirical formula

Answer 12

smallest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 13

Finite resource

Answer 13

resource which will one day run out

Question 14

Fractional distillation

Answer 14

process used to separate a mixutre of liquids

Question 15

Fuel

Answer 15

substance which releases energy when burned

Question 16

Functional group

Answer 16

group of atoms responsible for how a particular compound reacts

Question 17

General formula

Answer 17

chemical formula which represents the composition of atoms present in a compound

Question 18

Homologous series

Answer 18

series of a compound with the same functional group

Question 19

Hydrocarbons

Answer 19

molecules that are made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 20

Impurities

Answer 20

chemical substances within a compound which are different to the chemical composition of the compound

Question 21

Incomplete combustion

Answer 21

combustion which is carried out with insufficient. Produces carbon monoxide carbon and water

Question 22

Isomerism

Answer 22

molecules with the exact same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms

Question 23

Molecular formula

Answer 23

actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 24

Monomer

Answer 24

small short chain molecules which can join to form a long chain polymer

Question 25

Particulates

Answer 25

pollution particles which cause global warming and health problems

Question 26

Polymer

Answer 26

large long chain molecules made of lots of small monomers joined together by covalent bonds

Question 27

Repeat unit

Answer 27

part of a polymer whose repetition would produce the complete polymer chain

Question 28

Saturated hydrocarbons

Answer 28

containing only single bonds (alkanes)

Question 29

Steam cracking

Answer 29

long chain hydrocarbons are heated to turn them into gas

Question 30

Structural formula

Answer 30

formula which shows the arrangement of atoms but not the bonds

Question 31

Substation reaction

Answer 31

reaction in which a function group of a compound is related by another function group

Question 32

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 32

contains double and triple bonds (alkenes)