organic chemistry: L1 Flashcards
crude oil
thick viscous black liquid
found in porous rocks
eg. fossil fuels / animal / plant remains
unrefined
fuel
substance which releases energy in a chemical reaction
finite/ non renewable source
used faster than being made
fossil fuels
formed by plants remains
die and sink to bottom of ocean to decompose under layers of sand clay minerals
energy souce
fossil fuels form based on
combination of organic matter
temperature and time
pressure conditions
coal
formed by plants and trees whihc harden due to pressure and heat
oil
formed by small organism = plankton algae whihc decompose due to pressure
natural gas
same process as oil with more heat and pressure
fuels used = for
electricity production
transport fuels
plastic production
cosmetic production
medicines
disadvantage
shortage
need to extract fuels from challenging reserves
this requires :
extra safety / good environment / higher risks/ additional cost
largest emitter of carbon
crude oil extractions
by oil rig which draws oil to surface
problems with extraction
disrupts wildlife
harmful to animals
air / water pollution
oil/ gas developments ruin land
hydrocarbon
crude oil is a hydrocarbon
made from only hydrogen and carbon atoms ONLY
alkanes = saturated hydrocarbons = single bonds
formula = CnH2n+2
alkanes
methane ethane propane butane pentane hexane heptane octane nonane decane
properties
flammability = decreases down series
boiling point = increases down series
viscosity = increases down series
volatility
