Organic Chemistry ( FUNCTIONAL GROUPS )

Question 1

Alkyl Halide

Answer 1

• General formula: R-X ( X= F, Cl, Br, I )
• Feature: Halogen
• Ending: —o____ane
• Example: 2,3 - difluorobutane

Question 2

Aryl Halide

Answer 2

• General formula: ring-X ( X= F, Cl, Br, I )
• Feature: Halogen + Benzene
• Ending: —obenzene
• Example: Chlorobenzene

Question 3

Alcohol

Answer 3

• General formula: R-OH
• Feature: Hydroxyl Group
• Ending: —ol
• Example: 1-propanol

Question 4

Ether

Answer 4

• General formula: R-O-R’
• Feature: -O- between chains
• Ending: ether
• Example: Ethyl Methyl Ether

Question 5

Amine

Answer 5

• General formula: R-NH2
• Feature: Amine
• Ending: —amine
• Example: 1-pronanamine

Question 6

Aldehyde

Answer 6

• General formula: R-C^(=O)-H
• Feature: **Carbonyl group on End
• Ending: —al
• Example: Propanal

Question 7

Ketone

Answer 7

• General formula: R-C^(=O)-R’
• Feature: **Carbonyl group Middle
• Ending: —one
• Example: 2-pentanone

Question 8

Carboxylic Acid

Answer 8

• General formula: *-C^(=O)-OH
• Feature: Carboxyl group on end
• Ending: —anoic acid
• Example: Ethanoic Acid

Question 9

Ester

Answer 9

• General formula: *-C^(=O)-R
• Feature: Carboxyl group with OH replaced by alkyl group
• Ending: —yl -anoate
• Example: Methyl Ethanoate

Question 10

Amide

Answer 10

• General formula: *-C^(=O)-N^(H)-R
• Feature: -OH of carboxylic acid replaced with N & other atoms
• Ending: —amide
• Example: Propanamide