Organic chemistry

Question 1

Organic Molecules

Answer 1

Molecules containing carbon atoms

Question 2

Molecular formula

Answer 2

A chemical formula that indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in a molecule

Question 3

Structural Formula

Answer 3

Shows which atoms are connected to which in a molecule. Atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to represent all the bonds that hold the atoms together.

Question 4

Condensed structural formula

Answer 4

Shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in a molecule, but does not show all the bonds

Question 5

Hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Organic compounds that consist of only hydrogen and carbon only

Question 6

homologous series

Answer 6

Series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula or in which one member differs from the next by a CH2 group.

Question 7

Saturated compounds

Answer 7

Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbons chains.

Question 8

Unsaturated compounds

Answer 8

Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 9

Functional group

Answer 9

A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds.

Question 10

Structural isomer

Answer 10

organic compounds with the same molecular formulae, but different structural formulae.

Question 11

Chain isomer

Answer 11

Same molecular formula but different types of chains

Question 12

Positional isomers

Answer 12

Same molecular formulae , but different position of the side chain, substituents or functional groups on the parent chain

Question 13

Macromolecule

Answer 13

A molecule that consists of a large number of atoms

Question 14

Polymer

Answer 14

A large molecule composed of smaller monomer units covalently bonded to each other in a repeating pattern

Question 15

Monomer

Answer 15

Small organic molecules that can be covalently bonded to one another in a repeating pattern

Question 16

Polymerisation

Answer 16

a chemical reaction in which monomer molecules join to form a polymer

Question 17

Addition polymerisation

Answer 17

A reaction in which small molecules join to form very large molecules by adding on double bonds

Question 18

Addition polymer

Answer 18

A polymer formed when monomers (usually containing a double bond) combine through an addition reaction

Question 19

Condensation polymerisation

Answer 19

Molecules of two monomers with different functional groups undergo condensation reactions with the loss of small molecules, usually water

Question 20

Condensation polymer

Answer 20

A polymer formed by two monomers with different functional groups that are linked together in a condensation reaction in which a small molecule, usually water, is lost