Organic chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Organic Molecules

A

Molecules containing carbon atoms

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2
Q

Molecular formula

A

A chemical formula that indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in a molecule

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3
Q

Structural Formula

A

Shows which atoms are connected to which in a molecule. Atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to represent all the bonds that hold the atoms together.

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4
Q

Condensed structural formula

A

Shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in a molecule, but does not show all the bonds

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5
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

Organic compounds that consist of only hydrogen and carbon only

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6
Q

homologous series

A

Series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula or in which one member differs from the next by a CH2 group.

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7
Q

Saturated compounds

A

Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbons chains.

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8
Q

Unsaturated compounds

A

Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

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9
Q

Functional group

A

A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds.

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10
Q

Structural isomer

A

organic compounds with the same molecular formulae, but different structural formulae.

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11
Q

Chain isomer

A

Same molecular formula but different types of chains

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12
Q

Positional isomers

A

Same molecular formulae , but different position of the side chain, substituents or functional groups on the parent chain

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13
Q

Macromolecule

A

A molecule that consists of a large number of atoms

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14
Q

Polymer

A

A large molecule composed of smaller monomer units covalently bonded to each other in a repeating pattern

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15
Q

Monomer

A

Small organic molecules that can be covalently bonded to one another in a repeating pattern

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16
Q

Polymerisation

A

a chemical reaction in which monomer molecules join to form a polymer

17
Q

Addition polymerisation

A

A reaction in which small molecules join to form very large molecules by adding on double bonds

18
Q

Addition polymer

A

A polymer formed when monomers (usually containing a double bond) combine through an addition reaction

19
Q

Condensation polymerisation

A

Molecules of two monomers with different functional groups undergo condensation reactions with the loss of small molecules, usually water

20
Q

Condensation polymer

A

A polymer formed by two monomers with different functional groups that are linked together in a condensation reaction in which a small molecule, usually water, is lost