Organelles Function

Question 1

Microvilli

Answer 1

Increase membrane surface area for greater absorption

Question 2

Cilia

Answer 2

Move substances over the cell surface

Question 3

Flagellum

Answer 3

Propel sperm

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Contains the cells genetic material (DNA) and directs all cell activities

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

Synthesizes and assembles the two ribosomal subunits in the nucleus

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

Includes organelles cytoskeleton and cytosol

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

Converts stored chemical energy in glucose and other fuel molecules for transfer to ATP molecules “power house of the cell”

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

“Sites of protein synthesis” interprets the genetic code and produces protein

Question 9

“Bound” ribosomes

Answer 9

Produce proteins for lysosomes for insertion in plasma membrane or for secretion out of the cell

Question 10

“Free” ribosomes

Answer 10

Produce proteins that function within the cell

Question 11

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Synthesis of protein components of cellular membranes and proteins for secretion from the cell

Question 12

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 12

Site of lipid synthesis, calcium storage, and detoxification of drugs and alcohol

Question 13

Golgi complex

Answer 13

Received protein from rough ER, UPS proteins to other organelles, plasma membrane or for secretion

Question 14

Golgi vesicles

Answer 14

Membrane bound spheres that emerge from Golgi complex and contain protein for export or become lysosomes

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

Intracellular digestion of engulfed foreign particles or old damaged organelles

Question 16

Peroxisomes

Answer 16

Contains enzymes that break down lipids and toxic substances into hydrogen peroxide and then to water and oxygen

Question 17

Centrosomes

Answer 17

Organizing center for forming the microtubles of the cytoskeleton and the mitotic spindle

Question 18

Centrioles

Answer 18

Form the mitotic spindles during cell division

Question 19

Cytoskeleton

Answer 19

Determines the shape of the cell

Question 20

Microfilaments

Answer 20

Form a network on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, the membrane skeleton

Question 21

Intermediate filaments

Answer 21

Give shape and support to cell, anchor cells to each other, and compartmentalize cell contents

Question 22

Microtubules

Answer 22

Form centrioles and mitotic spindles, enables motility of cell parts

Question 23

Cytosol

Answer 23

Provide support for organelles, serves as fluid medium for diffusion

Question 24

Plasma membrane

Answer 24

Phospholipid bilayer forms a semi permeable barrier between the intracellular and extra cellular environments of the cell