Org Ana: The Thoracic Wall Flashcards
what comprises the exterior of the thoracic wall
covered by skin and muscles of the shoulder girdle
where is the thorax located
at the region between the head, neck and abdomen
what comprises the inner surface of the thoracic wall
lined by parietal pleura
what is the thoracic cage
bony framework or the thoracic region’s wall
describe the shape of the thorax
flat in front and at the back but rounded on the sides bc of the angulation of the ribs
what are the boundaries of the thoracic cage
anterior - sternum and costal cartilages
posterior - T1-T12
laterally - ribs and intercostal spaces
superiorly - w neck
inferiorly - diapraghm
what is the superior thoracic aperture
bordered by T1, rib 1 and manubrium
structures from the head and neck passes as it goes down
what is the inferior thoracic aperture
bordered by T12, rib 12 and rib 11, costal margin and xiphoid process
structures from thoracic to abdomen pass here
what are the functions of the thoracic wall
protects heart and lungs
conduit for passing structures from head to abdomen
role in breathing
supports UE
attachment of muscles
what are the lines of orientation in anterior view from lateral to medial
anterior axillary
midclavicular
midsternal
what are the lines of orientation in lateral view from posterior to anterior
posterior axillary
midaxillary
anterior axillary
what are the lines of orientation in posterior view from lateral to medial
scapular
vertebral
what are the spaces in anterior view from superior to inferior
supraclavicular
infraclavicular
precardiac
traubes
what are the spaces in posterior view from superior to inferior
suprascapular - T2
interscapular - T3
infrascapular - T7
describe the pleuras of the thoracic cavity from most superficial to deep
parietal - inner surface of chest wall
pleural cavity - space bet
visceral - lines the lungs
what are the 3 parts of the sternum
manubrium
body
xiphoid
what is the articulations of the manubrium
w/ clavicle - clavicular notch
w/ first nd upper parts of second costal cartilages - 1st costal notch
w/ body - manubriosternal joint
what level is the jugular notch
T2
what is the level of manubrium
T3-4
at what level is the manubriosternal joint located
sternal angle of louie - T4-5
where does the body of sternum articulate
2nd-7th costal cartilages - ribs 8-10 w/ rib 7
w/ manubrium - manibriosternal
w/ xiphoid - xiphisternal
describe the xiphoid
hyaline cartilage that ossifies at proximal end in adults
what are the articulations of the xiphoid process
no ribs or costal cartilage
7th costal cartilage may have along w/ body
w/ body - xiphisternal
inferior end - attachment for line alba
at what level can the xiphisternal joint be found
opposite T9
what is the significance of the sternal angle of louis
ribs are counted here - 2nd rib @ sternal angle
separates sup nd inf mediastinum
asc aorta ends, where arch is, desc aorta begins
trachea divides into bronchi
azygous vein arches over right lung into SVC
pulmonary trunk divides into pulmonary arteries
thoracic duct reaches left side here
upper limit of base of heart
cardiac plexus
what are the types of ribs
TRUE - first 7
- connected to sternum
FALSE - 8-10
- attaches to rib 7 by costal cartilages
- forms costal margin
FLOATING - 11-12
- no attachment to sternum
- costal cartilage embed to muscles at abdomen
what are the articulations of the head of a typical rib
sup - inferior costal facet of vertebra above
inf - articulates w the superior costal facet of its vertebrae
describe the typical rib
long, twisted and flat
sup border - round and smooth
inf border - sharp nd thin w costal groove
ant attaches to costal cartilage
describe the neck
separates head from tubercle
describe the head
posterior vertebral end
compare articular nd non articular parts of the tubercle
articular - articulates w numerically corresponding vertebra
non articular - attachment of ligament
describe the shaft
long, thin, flat and twisted on long axis from tubercle to sternal end
describe the costal groove
elongated depression found in the inferior internal surface of the shaft of rib; holds intercostal vessels and nerve.
describe the angle
where body sharply turns from a lateral to a more anteriorly directed orientation; slightly distal to the tubercle
describe the sternal end
flat and has a depression for the costal cartilage
describe the first rib
small, flattened from above downward; thick
attached only to T1 body; has a facet in the tubercle to articulate to the transverse process; 1 attachment only
scalene tubercle (superior surface) which separates two smooth grooves crossing the rib at the shaft