Orbitals and Quantum Numbers

Question 1

Erwin Schrödinger derived…

Answer 1

a complex mathematical formula to incorporate the wave and particle characteristics of electrons.
- Described with the wave function ψ

Question 2

Electron density

Answer 2

The probability of finding an electron in a certain area of space is proportional to ψ2 and is called

Question 3

The Schrödinger equation specifies

Answer 3

possible energy states an electron can occupy

Question 4

The energy states are characterized by a set of

Answer 4

Quantum Numbers

Question 5

Quantum numbers

Answer 5

describe the distribution of electron density in an atom

Question 6

three quantum numbers describe

Answer 6

an atomic orbital

Question 7

n

Answer 7

Principal quantum number - specifies size

Question 8

l

Answer 8

Angular moment quantum number - specifies shape

Question 9

ml

Answer 9

Magnetic quantum number - specifies orientation

Question 10

Larger values of n correspond to…

Answer 10

larger orbitals

Question 11

Shell

Answer 11

Orbitals with the same value of n

Question 12

s orbitals

Answer 12

spherical in shape but differ in size
- 1s < 2s < 3s

Question 13

p orbitals

Answer 13

hourglass shape

Question 14

d orbitals

Answer 14

two hourglass shape or ring

Question 15

f orbitals

Answer 15

christmas lights

Question 16

ms

Answer 16

Electron spin quantum number - specifies an electron’s spin
- allowed values are +1/2 or -1/2

Question 17

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 17

no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers

Question 18

The energies of orbitals in the hydrogen atom depend only…

Answer 18

on the principal quantum number

Question 19

Electron configuration

Answer 19

describes how the electrons are distributed in the atomic orbitals

Question 20

Aufbau principle

Answer 20

electrons are added to the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy orbitals

Question 21

Hund’s rule

Answer 21

the most stable arrangement of electrons is the one in which the number of electrons with the same spin is maximized