ORAL SURGERY Flashcards
1
Q
condition in which circulation fails to meet the nutritional need of a cell and at the same time fails to remove the metabolic waste products
A
SHOCK
2
Q
most common type of shock in maxillofacial trauma
A
hematogenic or hypovolemic shock
3
Q
1st sign that appears in shock
A
tacchycardia
4
Q
shock is a circulatory disturbance characterized by
A
decrease volume of circulation of blood
5
Q
first sign of syncope (faint)
A
pallor
6
Q
type of shock where there is hypovolemia due to bleeding both externally and internallyfrom ruptured liver or sleen
A
traumatic shock
7
Q
treatment of hypovolemic or hematogenic shock
A
ringers lactate solution / hartmanns solution
8
Q
due to blockade of sympathetic nervous systemresulting in oss of arterial and venous tone with pooling of blood in the dilated peripheral nervous system
A
neurogenic shock
9
Q
treatment of neurogenic shock
A
vasoconstrictor drug
10
Q
caused by the injury of the heart myocardia infarction cardiac arrythmias or congestive heart failure
mainly left ventricles fails to pump blood
A
cardiogenic shock
11
Q
most often due to gram negative septicemia
A
septic shock
12
Q
treatment of anaphylaactic shock
A
0.2 -0.5 ml of ‘1:1000 adrenaline / epinephrine IM
13
Q
loss of effective contractile function of myocardium
A
cardiogenic shock
14
Q
rupture of berry aneurysm
A
subarachnoid hemorrhage
15
Q
loss of continuity of bone
A
fracture
16
Q
compete loss of congruity between the articulating surfaces of a joint
A
dislocation
17
Q
incomplete tear of a ligament or a complex of ligaments around a joint
A
sprain
18
Q
fracture not communicating with exterior
A
simple or closed fracture
19
Q
fracture communicates with exterior
A
open or compound fracture
20
Q
trauma causes the fracture
causes soft tissue injury and breaks off the skin and mucous membrane fracture
A
external compound fracture
21
Q
sharp end of a fracture fragment penetrates throughoverlying soft tissue and skin
A
internal compound fracture
22
Q
fracture due to repeated stress
A
stress or fatigue fracture
23
Q
seen in children
one ortex is fractured while other cortex remains intact
A
greenstick fracture
24
Q
fracture seen in cd patient or edentulous px
A
torus or buckle fracture
25
guerin or horizontal or telescopic fracture
lefort 1
26
floating maxilla
bleeding into antrum
low level fracture
lefort 1
27
pyramidal or infra zygomatic fracture
panda`facies
edema around the eyes lacrimal nasal maxilla
lefort 2
28
high level or suprazygomatic fracture
craniofacial dysjunction /dishface
4 bones involve lacrimal maxilla nasal and ethmoid
lefort3
29
most common fracture
angle of mandible or condyle
30
rounding off and sclerosis of bone ends
eburnation
31
extraoral xray used in fracture of mandible
posteroanterior view
32
best xray view if we want to diagnose if fracture is unfavorable or favorable
lateral oblique view
33
mass of new bone formation at the site of a fracture
callus
34
main treatment of delayed union
perfect and prolong immobilization
35
fracture united in a deformed positon
mal union
36
principles in treating fracture
reduction of fracture
fixation of fracture
restoration of occlusion
immobilization
37
how long should we immobilized mandible
6weeks
38
close upper and lower jaw together
intermaxillary fixation
39
bone healing and closure
osteosynthesis
40
what is the optimum length of screw for fixation of plates
4mm
41
used to immobilized oblique fracture
lag screw
42
it causes osteoradionecrosis of jaw
radiation therapy
43
anti resorptive drug
biphosphonates
44
Simplest and wires are attached directly to teeth
gilmores wiring
45
best treatment of patient that has unfavorale fracture of the angle of the mandible
open reduction with rigid bone formation
46
symphysis fracture is best treated with
risdon wiring
47
formed due to disturbance during 4-6 weeks iu
cleft lip
48
formed due to disturbance during 8-12 weeks iu
cleft palate
49
formed due to defect in the fusion of medial nasal process with maxillary process
cleft lip
50
formed due to defective fusion of premaxilla develope from the medial nasal process and the two palatine process
cleft palate
51
optimum repair of cleft lip is at the age of
3 months and baby is 5-6 kg
52
optimum tim repair of cleft palate is
1-1.5 yrs
53
best graft of cleft palate
posterior iliaccrest
54
intraoral prosthetic device
obturator
55
principle of straight elevator
lever and wedge
56
used to elevate broken root from a socket
pick type
57
most commonly used principle
lever
58
between effort and resistance
fulcrum
59
extract mandibulat molar
16 cowhorn
60
most common periosteal elvator in OS
no.9 molt periosteal elevator
61
most common used hemostat in OS
curve hemostat
62
smoothen any sharp and rough edges in bone
only pull motion
bone file
63
remove epulis fissuratum
alis
64
cut delicate tissue only
metzenbaum scissors
65
most commonly used suture in OS
black silk non absorbable
66
anther name of dry socket
localized osteitis
67
most common hereditary blood clotting disorder
von willebrand disease
68
loss of sensation
anesthesia
69
abnormal sensation
paresthesia
70
hypersensitive
hyperesthesia
71
pain sensation to normal stimulus
dysesthesia
72
nerve regeneration
1-1.5mm/day
73
orders of force used in tooth removal
apical
buccal
lingual
rotation
traction
74
order of tooth to be removed
maxillary first before mandibular
posterior first before anterior
75
gum separator
woodson periosteal elevator
76
heart shape
tonge retraction
weider retractor
77
bur used for surgery
557
703
8
78
removal of granuloma cyst debris
currette
79
universal blade
15
80
stab incision
11
81
skin incision
10
82
distal incision
12
83
it must provide access and visualization
flap
84
the organism that is responsible for dry socket
treponema denticola
85
imaginary line to get exact position and depth of tooth
winters line
86
conditions for a root to be left in alveoar process
root must be no more than 4-5mm
root must be deeply embeded in bone
tooth must not be infectected or no radiolucency on sorrounding apex
risk is to great that can cause excessive destruction in sorrounding tissue
87
it is completely anterior to ramus
class 1
88
1/2 of crown covered by ramus
class 2
89
tooth completely inside ramus
class 3
90
occlusal plane of 3rd molar almost the same level of 2nd molar
position a
91
occlusal plane of 3rd molar is between occlusal plane and cej of 2nd molar
position b
92
occlusal plane of 3rd molar is below cej of 2nd molar
position c
93
most commonly impacted teeth
94
associated with non surgical handpieces that blows air
tissue emphysema
95
what drugs are given to patient with oro anthral complicatons
antibiotic and decongestant
96
biateral involvement of submandibular sublingual and submental space
ludwigs angina
97
treatment of mucocele
enucleation and excision involving minor salivary gland involved
98
complete removal of a cyst without rupture
enucleation
99
removal of 1-2 mm of bone around periphery of cyst
currettage
100
presence of small red spots in the palate
associated with smoking
stomatitis nicotina
101
creating a surgical window in the lining of the cyst and is left in place
marsupialization
102
removal of tumor by dissecting uninvolved tissues around the tumor
resection
103
necrosis of jaw due to excessive radiation therapy
osteoradionecrosis
104
chemotherapy drug
5-fluorouracil
105
chemicals that prevents cells from dividing
chemotherapy
106
most common fracture site in mandible
neck of condyle
107
2nd most common fracture site in mandible
angle of mandible
108
least common site of fracture
coronoid fracture
109
most common fractured site inface
nasal bone
110
fracture in the right condyla neck will cause the mandible to deviate in what side during opening
111
type of jaw fracture that may cause airway obstruction
112
treatment for fracture
reduction (close / open)
113
synthetic grafts
alloplastic graft
114
donor and recipient are not part of the same specie
xenograft
115
donor and recipient are different individuals and genetically different but part of the same specie
allograft
116
donor and recipient are dfferent individuals but of the same specie
isograft
117
normal vital sign
temp
heart rate
bp
respiratory rate
98.6F / 37c
60-80 beats per minute
120/80 mmHg
12-18 breaths per minute
118
indicates the amount of alveolar bone covering the impacted teeth
amber line
119
indicates the depth of the toot in the bone
red line
120
the most difficult third molar to remove
distoangular followed by horizontal
121
the least difficult impacted 3rd molar to remove is
mesioangular followed by vertical
122
to prevent damage to lingual nerve the posterior incision should be plced
more BUCALLY
123
most common complication after surgical removal of mand 3rd molar is
LOSS OF BLOODCLOT
124
most commonly seen and least difficult impaction to remove
mesioangular impaction
125
survival rate of implants
5-10 yrs
126
ideal implant material used today
titanium
127
3 main parts of implant
implant
abutment
crown
128
implant to natural tooth
1.5mm
129
implant to IAN
2mm
130
implant to implant
3mm
131
implant to mental nerve
5mm
132
time for osseointegration of implants
6months
133
minimal width jaw bone needed in implant
6mm
134
minimal height needed for implant
10mm
135
artificial abutments place thru gingiva into bone
endosteal
136
placed directly on bone
subperiosteal
137
mandibular staple
pass thru mandible into mouth
transosteal
138
removal of maxillary palatal torus
Y incision
139
for labial frenectomy
Z plasty / Y-V plasty
140
maxillary sinus opens into
inferior meatus
141
muscle which is penetrated during IAN
buccinator
142
first sign of lidocaine toxicity
nervousness , drowsiness
143
main disadvantage of semilunar flap
limited accessibility
144
golden period for treating wounds
within 6hours
145
muscle involved in trismus
medial pterygoid muscle
146
best view of max. sinus
waters view
147
trismus is due to inflammation of what muscles
medial pterygoid
148
thicknessof full thickness graft
1-1.15mm
149
for what extraction does the occlusal plane is parallel to the ground
mandibular extraction
150
inmaxillary extraction patient should be positioned i such
occlusal plane of mandibular arch is 45 degress to floor
151
the best oral sedative drugs currently used in dentistry
benzodiazepines
152
biopsy specimens removed for examination are immediately placed in
10% formalin
153
most likely cause of tender swelling in submandibular triangle
lymphadenopathy
154
first direction of force to be applied by the forceps for an extraction of tooth is
apical direction
155
muscle which is mostly encountered in an incorrect infraorbital nerve
quadrats labii superioris
156
maximum acceptable dose of adrenaline in normal patient
0.2mg
157
maximum acceptable dose of adrenaline in cardiac paient
0.04mg
158
optimum speed of adminstration of LA agent
0.1ml/sec
159
pain of dry socket is usually experenced on
3rd day
160
the gauge of needle used in dental syringe refers to
internal diameter of lumen
161
during suture removal the suture is cut
at the point of entry into tissues
