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Board Exam > COMDENT & PUBLIC HEALTH > Flashcards

COMDENT & PUBLIC HEALTH Flashcards

1
Q

measures of central tendency

A

Biostatistics

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2
Q

three types of measure of central tendency

A

Mean
Median
mode

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3
Q

The simplest measure of central tendency
Specific me to number
Average
Sensitive to extreme scores

A

Mean

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4
Q

not appropriate measure for a skewed distribution

A

Mean

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5
Q

insensitive to extreme scores
middle number
set of measurement into 2 halves

A

Median

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6
Q

Most frequent occurring value

A

mode

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7
Q

Difference between smallest item, and value of large item

A

Range

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8
Q

Three measures of dispersion or variation

A

range
Co-efficient of variation
Standard deviation

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9
Q

How far of the data in your sample is clustered around them

A

co efficient of variation

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10
Q

most important and widely used measure of study dispersion

A

Standard deviation

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11
Q

it is a collection of information from there is representative active units in the sample

A

Sampling

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12
Q

it is the collection of all the information from all the individuals in a population
Units from population, let’s complete accurate and every 10 years

A

Census

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13
Q

It is used when population is small, homogenous and ready available

A

Simple, random sampling

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14
Q

it is used when population is large homogenous and scattered

A

Systemic sampling

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15
Q

what is the formula of systemic sampling?

A

K= total population /
sample size desire

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16
Q

It is used one population is large divide population in two separate groups known as strata. An example is drawn randomly from each stratum.

A

Stratified sampling

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17
Q

Grouping the population first, then surveying the entire population

A

Cluster sampling

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18
Q

Three types of scales in statistics stable

A

nominal
Ordinal
Interval, or numeric

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19
Q

The information is divided into a definitive qualitative basis

A

Nominal

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20
Q

Rank order relation

A

Ordinal

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21
Q

Use a scale graded in equal increments

A

Interval, or numeric

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22
Q

Who is the father of health statistics?

A

John Graunt

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23
Q

census conducted every

A

10 years

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24
Q

Single data

A

Bar diagram

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25
Q

A bar diagram without Doc or no space between the bars blocks different types of data
Used to depict quantitive data of continuous type

A

Histogram

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26
Q

used to compare two or more frequency, distribution
Point is marked over the midpoint of the class interval, and connected by straight lines

A

Frequency polygon

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27
Q

Commonly used to show percentage

A

pie diagram

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28
Q

Geographic distribution of frequencies

A

cartogram, or spot map

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29
Q

Popular method of presenting data to man in street

A

Pictogram

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30
Q

branch of medical science, which treats epidemic

A

parkin

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31
Q

Science of mass phenomena of infectious disease

A

Frost

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32
Q

Study of distribution and determinants of health related states in specified population in the application of the study to control health problems

A

John last

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33
Q

Four principles of epidemiology

A

exact observation
Correct interpretation
Rational explanation
Scientific construction

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34
Q

it is a cluster of gases occurring during a brief time interval, and affecting a specific population may be on set of an epidemic

A

Outbreak

35
Q

it is a word used to refer to a disease that is already presented in the population of a particular area
When did you say it’s permanently in the population of an area is referred to as
Never ending

A

Endemic

36
Q

this is that spreads in an area or country suddenly
The occurrence of a deceased clearly in excess of normal expectation
A temporary prevalence of a disease

A

Epidemic

37
Q

Prevalent throughout an entire country continent or the whole world

A

Pandemic

38
Q

Scattered incidence of a deceased

A

Sporadic

39
Q

Endemic this is occurring in animals

A

endozootic

40
Q

Epidemic disease occurring in

A

Epizootic

41
Q

this is imported into the country

A

Exotic

42
Q

Variables are manipulated at the time the study is conducted

A

Experimental epidemiology

43
Q

Two. Basic measurements in epidemiology.

A

Measure of mortality
Measure of morbidity

44
Q

incidence of death
Death in population

A

Measure of mortality

45
Q

incidence and prevalence
Incidence of you
Il health

A

Measure of morbidity

46
Q

The proportion of a population with a problem at a designated time

A

Prevalence

47
Q

The rate of a new problem during a period of time
Also known as communicative incidence
New cases

A

incidence

48
Q

viewed as the absence of disease

A

Biomedical

49
Q

Views, hell is dynamic equilibrium between man and his environment

A

Ecological

50
Q

Emphasis on the promotion and protection of health

A

Holistic

51
Q

Four fundamental principles of public health

A

prevention
Ethics
Teamwork
Cost efficiency

52
Q

six. Main stages of dental health services.

A

Situation analysis
Problem, identification, and formulation of objectives
Formulation an analysis of alternative strategies
Identification of special efforts
Strategy selection
Program formulation

53
Q

Five tools of dental, public health

A

epidemiology
Biostatistics
Social sciences
Principles of administration
Preventive dentistry

54
Q

it is the prevention of the emergence or development of a risk factor
Not yet appeared
Main intervention through individual and mass education
Receiving special attention in the prevention of chronic diseases

A

Primordial prevention

55
Q

action taken prior to the onset of the disease
Intervention in the pre-pathogenesis phase
Example health, education, plaque control program, diet counseling

A

primary prevention

56
Q

action to talk to the progress of a disease in its incipient stages and prevents complication
Early diagnosis or screening test an adequate treatment
Example, scaling and curettage, simple, restorative treatment prophylaxis

A

Secondary prevention

57
Q

disease process has advance
Disability, limitation
Example root canal pulpotomy extraction implants splinting

A

Tertiary prevention

58
Q

Five public health promotion

A

build healthy public policy
Create supportive environment
Strengthen community action
Re-orient health services
Develop personal skill

59
Q

He is the father of medicine, and first known epidemiologists

A

Hippocrates

60
Q

Father of public health

A

chlora

61
Q

father of epidemiology

A

Jon Snow

62
Q

if a question refers to a Recents bus episode that occurred longer ago may also be reported
prior in information by interviewer is known ahead

A

Telescopic bias

63
Q

Jumping into conclusions based upon coincidences

A

Post hook bias of cohort studies

64
Q

It is the first license dental school

A

UP

65
Q

from cost to affect into future, also known as prospective study, or longitudinal study or incident study
Forward in time

A

Cohort study

66
Q

backwards in time
Backwards from effect to cause
Also known as retrospective study

A

Case control study

67
Q

It is the probability that an individual will develop a specific disease in a given. Period

A

Risk

68
Q

Comparison between two numbers with the same unit

A

ratio

69
Q

The first identified case of a disease in an outbreak or epidemic

A

Index case

70
Q

Father of dental hygiene

A

dr. fones

71
Q

First to use Esther as an anesthetic agent

A

William Morton

72
Q

Develop the first fluoride varnish

A

Schmidt

73
Q

Organization of member agents that have a system of social relationship

A

Society

74
Q

A group of members living together, in such a way that the members have a basic conditions of a common life

A

Community

75
Q

Group of people united for a specific purpose

A

Association

76
Q

Data in its original form

A

Raw data

77
Q

Limited study

A

Pilot study

78
Q

Measure of dispersion

A

Range

79
Q

In what ages is topical fluoride applied

A

3 7 10 and 13 years old

80
Q

fluoride that you can see in toothpaste, or mouthwash us
It is 2% topical application

A

Sodium fluoride

81
Q

this used as a topical fluoride
It has 8% in topical application

A

Stannous fluoride

82
Q

it is a synonym as universe

A

Population

83
Q

Used referred to a measure of occurrence of certain disease

A

rate

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