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Board Exam > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

prokaryote contains?

A

DNA only

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2
Q

bacteria is reproduce by?

A

binary fission

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3
Q

site of protein synthesis

A

polyribosome

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4
Q

Site of oxidative phosphorylation takes place?

A

cell membrane surface

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5
Q

prevents phagocytic activity made up of polysaccharides

A

capsule

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6
Q

what are the cardinal signs of inflamation

A

rubor
calor
dolor
tumor
function laesa

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7
Q

singe flagellum can extend from one end

A

monotrichous

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8
Q

single flagellum on both sides

A

amphitrichous

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9
Q

group of flagella at one or both sides

A

lophotricous

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10
Q

group of flagella all over the cell wall

A

peritrichous

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11
Q

hair like structure for motility

A

flagella

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12
Q

hair like structure for attachment

A

pilli

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13
Q

most important mediator of inflammation

A

histamine

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14
Q

it is produced by mast cells and basophils

A

histamine

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15
Q

receptor that plays a important role in allergic reaction

A

H1 receptors

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16
Q

heat loving bacteria

A

thermophile

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17
Q

cold loving bacteria

A

psychrophile

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18
Q

bacteria that requires carbon dioxide for growth

A

capnophilics

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19
Q

test used to differentiate aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

A

catalase test

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20
Q

it is the passive movement of blood cells across endothelial wall

A

diapedesis

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21
Q

phase of bacteria that are metabolically acctive but not reproducing

A

LAG phase

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22
Q

phase of bacteria when there is cell division

A

LOG / Exponential phase

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23
Q

delivering bacteria DNA to next hose to produce lysogen

A

transduction

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24
Q

genetic transfer from one bacteria to another via a virus

A

transduction

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25
Q

it has bridge / sex pilus for transfer

A

conjugation

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26
Q

it is the most common form of staining

A

gram staining

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27
Q

facultative anaerobic microrganism found in oral cavity causes infection
normal microbiot of oropharynx

A

actinomycetes

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28
Q

most common actinomycetes

A

A. Israelli

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29
Q

causes root surface caries

A

A. Viscosus

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30
Q

treatment of suppurative infection in cervico facial area caused by actinomycetes

A

PEN VK

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31
Q

aerobic bacteria has endospore

A

bacillus

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32
Q

microrganism that are normal microbiota in GIT, VAGINA, and SALIVA

A

lactobacillus

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33
Q

anaerobic bacteria that contains endospore
normal reside in female genital tract

A

clostridium

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34
Q

only bacteria that affects ant. horn of spinal cord causing opisthothonus

A

C. tetani

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35
Q

common in canned goods and undercooked food causes intoxicationrather than infection

A

c. botulinum

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36
Q

most common undercooked food

A

taenia solium

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37
Q

drug induced bacteria causes pseudomembranous colitis (gen inflammation of colon)

A

c. difficile

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38
Q

produces lecithenase that causes gas gangrene

A

c.perfringens

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39
Q

only gram bacteria that contains endotoxins

A

listeria

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40
Q

listeriasis from contaminated food

A

l.monocytogenes

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41
Q

only microorganism that can be bacteriophage

A

corynebacterium

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42
Q

bacterial infectionof mucous membrane of nose and throat

A

diptheria

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43
Q

grape like facultative anaerobic
gram positive that produces beta lactamase

A

staphylococcus

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44
Q

normal bacteria of skin
can cause infection mostly in the form of abscesses with golden yellow pigmentation

A

staph aureus

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45
Q

converts plasminogen to plasmin

A

staphylokinase fibrinolysin

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46
Q

chai like normally found in oral cavity

A

streptococcus

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47
Q

most common infection in community

A

strep. pneumonia

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48
Q

most numerous in plaque formation and in hard tissue in oral cavity
most common microrganism causes endocarditis

A

strep viridans

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49
Q

initiates plaque formation

A

strep sanguis

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50
Q

most common of all beta strep

A

strep pyogens

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51
Q

dissolves blood clots by cleaving plasmid

A

streptokinase

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52
Q

causes neonatal pneumonia

A

strep agalactiae

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53
Q

facultative anaerobe that causes infection in root canal treatment

A

entero faecialis

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54
Q

first microbiota appearedin oral cavity after birth

A

strep salivarius

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55
Q

normally found in cheek area
bile insoluble

A

strep mitins

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56
Q

initiates caries formation coz it produces extracellular polysaccharide dextran like substance glucosyltransferase and enolase

A

strep mutans

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57
Q

motile causes salmonellosis or typhoid fever

A

salmonella typhi

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58
Q

opporunistic infection of urinary and respirtory tracts

A

enterobacter

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59
Q

normally found in intestines this species is always checked in the purity of water supply

A

e.coli

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60
Q

food poisoning uti nenatal meningitis and sepsis

A

e.coli

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61
Q

causes lung abscess in alcoholic patients

A

klebsiella pneumonia

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62
Q

most common infecion found in the hospital

A

pseudomnas aeroginosa

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63
Q

infection produces bluish green pigment

A

pseudomona aeroginosa

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64
Q

causes shanghai fever
blue pus with fruity odor
infections in burn

A

pseudomonas aeroginusa

65
Q

causes young adult meningitis

A

n. meningitides

66
Q

causes venereal diseases

A

n. gonorrhea

67
Q

normal microbiota in throat

A

n.catarrhalis

68
Q

hospital bacteria

A

pseudomonas aeroginosa
staph aureus
strep pneumonia
e.coli

69
Q

facultative anaerobic that causes GINGIVITIS

A

porphyromonas gingivalis

70
Q

organism that has collagenase that produces ulcerations of sulcular epithelium

A

p.gingivalis

71
Q

normal microbiota in GIT

A

B. fragilis

72
Q

bacteria in whooping cough

A

bordetella pertussis

73
Q

normal microbiota in stomach causes peptic and gastric ulcer

A

h.pylori

74
Q

facultative anaerobe causes cholera
commonly found in saltwater

A

vibrio cholera

75
Q

obligate parasite that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects columnar cell causes venereal disease or std

A

chlamydia

76
Q

causes conjunctivitis and lower genitourinary tract infection

A

c.trachoma

77
Q

causes epizootic infection that leads to atypical pneumonia

A

c. psittaci

78
Q

non spore forming and usay transmitted by biting anthropods (ticks /lice)
obligate parasites that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects epithelial cells

A

rickettsia

79
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever through tickbite

A

r.rickettsi

80
Q

ricktsial infection without anthropodal involvement
dust and soil

A

Q fever

81
Q

veneral disease syphylis

A

treponema

82
Q

great imittator coz it mimic syphylis and erythema multiforme
cause lyme disease through tickbite

A

borellia burgodorferi

83
Q

first observe in kidneys cause yellow fever

A

leptospira

84
Q

have the most abundant lipid in their cellwall
contains mycolic acid that resist decolorization by dilute dering gram staining

A

mycobacterium

85
Q

causes lung infection

A

m.tuberculosis

86
Q

causes skin infection

A

m.leprae

87
Q

pathognomonic sign of m.leprae

A

leonine facies (lion face)

88
Q

eukaryotic with two form mlds and yeast
causes hypersensitivity which reslts to infectious disease

A

fungus

89
Q

causes san joaquin valley fever

A

cocciiomycosis

90
Q

caused by b.dermatitidis that produce granulomatous ulcer in oral cavity

A

blastomycosis

91
Q

spread through blood that causes meningitis

A

cryptococcus

92
Q

most common fungus in oral cavity causes candidiasis

A

candida albicans

93
Q

due to prolong expsure to penicillin drugs

A

acute candidiasis

94
Q

due to denture stomatitis

A

chronic candidiasis

95
Q

treatment of denture stomatitis

A

nystatin

96
Q

whenone organism benefits and othr neither benefits nor is harmed

A

commensalism

97
Q

carried by anopheles mosquito

A

plasmodium

98
Q

most common cause of malaria

A

p.malariae

99
Q

parasite protein found in rbc

A

p.vivax with schuffner dots

100
Q

carried by cats causing toxoplasmosis
most common cause of death of food borne because no signs and symptoms

A

toxoplasma gondi

101
Q

causes intesinal dysentry that affectthe small intestine it can be fatal when it affects liver

A

entamoeba hystolica

102
Q

treatment of entamoeba hystolica

A

metronidazole

103
Q

fully formed virus that is able to establish an infectiuos in a host cell

A

virion

104
Q

3 major component of virus

A

nucleic acid( DNA / RNA)
capsid
lipid envelope
prions

105
Q

causes hepatitis b
most difficult micrrgnaism to eradicate
contains reverse transcriptase

A

hepadnavirus

106
Q

causes pharyngiis respiratory illness and conjunctivitis

A

adenovirus

107
Q

smallest dna virus

A

parvoviridae

108
Q

largest and most complex virus

A

poxviridae

109
Q

causes small pox and molluscum contagiusom

A

poxvirus

110
Q

spreads via respiratory tract contains guarnieri bodie
incubation period is 10-14 days

A

small pox

111
Q

causes warts cervical cancer and squamous cell carcinoma

A

human papilloma virus

112
Q

pathognomonis sign of herpes virus

A

lipschutz sign

113
Q

causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis which is common in children can cause squamous cell carcinoma

A

HSV-1

114
Q

causes roseola or 3 day fever

A

HSV-6

115
Q

causes genitalis mainly affects female during pregnancy it affects infants during birt causing herpes conjunctivitis

A

HSV-2

116
Q

causes kaposis sarcoma that commonly affect the early skin lesion that appears red nodule

A

HSV-8

117
Q

causes chickenpox
stay dormant in the body for the longest time of life

A

varicella zoster virus

118
Q

causes shingles

A

herpes zoster virus

119
Q

causes burkitts lymphoma infectiuos mononucleosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

Epstein barr virus

120
Q

causes hepatosplenomegally

A

cytomegallo virus

121
Q

orthomyxovirus that causes flu

A

influenza virus

122
Q

contains hematoglutinin and neurominidase ability to hange its strain

A

influenza virus

123
Q

causes german measles or 3 day measles
affect 1st tri pregnant women
has forcheimrs spots

A

myxovirus

124
Q

member of reovirus causes gastroenteritis in children

A

rota virus

125
Q

causes rabies that affects substancia nigr
3-8 weeks incubation period

A

rhabdovirus

126
Q

mosquito borne that infects liver

A

yellow fever

127
Q

mosquitoborne that infects platelets

A

dengue fever

128
Q

hepatitis that has no vaccine

A

hepa c

129
Q

causespoliomyelitis most common serious disease

A

poliovirus

130
Q

vesicular pharyngitis appears blisters and ulcerations that affects soft palate and oropharynx

A

herpangina

131
Q

causes common colds and the only virus that causes sorethroat

A

rhinovirus

132
Q

causes rubeola resulting in exanthem or skin eruption

A

measles virus

133
Q

multpile white lesions wit brick found on buccal mucosa

A

koplik spots

134
Q

has warthin finkeldey cells

A

measles virus

135
Q

cause lower respiratory tract infection like bronchitis and pneumonia in infants

A

resp. synctial virus

136
Q

member of retroviridae

A

hiv

137
Q

used to check value of cd4 t cells

A

cd4 count

138
Q

used to detect hiv antibodies

A

elisa
enzyme linked immunosorbent essay test

139
Q

treatment of hiv

A

arv/art antiretroviral therapy

140
Q

involves orn body response with the production of immunoglobins

A

active immunity

141
Q

involves fetal mother circulation

A

passive immunity

142
Q

contain vaccines

A

active acquired

143
Q

exposure to bacteria

A

passive acquired

144
Q

vaccines containe 3 things

A

attenuated livemicroorganism
toxoid
killed microorganism

145
Q

father of bacteriology

A

robert koch

146
Q

father of microbiology

A

louis pasteur

147
Q

inroduced staining techniques

A

robert koch

148
Q

introduced diff techniques of sterilization

A

louis pasteur

149
Q

termed anaphylaxis

A

charles richet

150
Q

discover peniccilin

A

alexander flemming

151
Q

what are the small dna molecules found in microorganism that are separated from their chromosomal dna

A

plasmids

152
Q

also known as murein layer

A

peptidoglycan layer

153
Q

gram positive bacteria produces endotoxin and exotoxin

A

listeria monocytogenes

154
Q

gram positive

A

violet

155
Q

gram negative

A

red

156
Q

breaksdown hyaluronic acid and spreading factor

A

hyaloronidase

157
Q

hyperexcitability of muscles and neurns due to hypocalcemia

A

tetany

158
Q

vaccine of tetanus

A

tetanus toxoid

159
Q

molluscom contagiousom is caused by

A

pox virus

Board Exam (11 decks)

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