Microbiology Flashcards
prokaryote contains?
DNA only
bacteria is reproduce by?
binary fission
site of protein synthesis
polyribosome
Site of oxidative phosphorylation takes place?
cell membrane surface
prevents phagocytic activity made up of polysaccharides
capsule
what are the cardinal signs of inflamation
rubor
calor
dolor
tumor
function laesa
singe flagellum can extend from one end
monotrichous
single flagellum on both sides
amphitrichous
group of flagella at one or both sides
lophotricous
group of flagella all over the cell wall
peritrichous
hair like structure for motility
flagella
hair like structure for attachment
pilli
most important mediator of inflammation
histamine
it is produced by mast cells and basophils
histamine
receptor that plays a important role in allergic reaction
H1 receptors
heat loving bacteria
thermophile
cold loving bacteria
psychrophile
bacteria that requires carbon dioxide for growth
capnophilics
test used to differentiate aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
catalase test
it is the passive movement of blood cells across endothelial wall
diapedesis
phase of bacteria that are metabolically acctive but not reproducing
LAG phase
phase of bacteria when there is cell division
LOG / Exponential phase
delivering bacteria DNA to next hose to produce lysogen
transduction
genetic transfer from one bacteria to another via a virus
transduction
it has bridge / sex pilus for transfer
conjugation
it is the most common form of staining
gram staining
facultative anaerobic microrganism found in oral cavity causes infection
normal microbiot of oropharynx
actinomycetes
most common actinomycetes
A. Israelli
causes root surface caries
A. Viscosus
treatment of suppurative infection in cervico facial area caused by actinomycetes
PEN VK
aerobic bacteria has endospore
bacillus
microrganism that are normal microbiota in GIT, VAGINA, and SALIVA
lactobacillus
anaerobic bacteria that contains endospore
normal reside in female genital tract
clostridium
only bacteria that affects ant. horn of spinal cord causing opisthothonus
C. tetani
common in canned goods and undercooked food causes intoxicationrather than infection
c. botulinum
most common undercooked food
taenia solium
drug induced bacteria causes pseudomembranous colitis (gen inflammation of colon)
c. difficile
produces lecithenase that causes gas gangrene
c.perfringens
only gram bacteria that contains endotoxins
listeria
listeriasis from contaminated food
l.monocytogenes
only microorganism that can be bacteriophage
corynebacterium
bacterial infectionof mucous membrane of nose and throat
diptheria
grape like facultative anaerobic
gram positive that produces beta lactamase
staphylococcus
normal bacteria of skin
can cause infection mostly in the form of abscesses with golden yellow pigmentation
staph aureus
converts plasminogen to plasmin
staphylokinase fibrinolysin
chai like normally found in oral cavity
streptococcus
most common infection in community
strep. pneumonia
most numerous in plaque formation and in hard tissue in oral cavity
most common microrganism causes endocarditis
strep viridans
initiates plaque formation
strep sanguis
most common of all beta strep
strep pyogens
dissolves blood clots by cleaving plasmid
streptokinase
causes neonatal pneumonia
strep agalactiae
facultative anaerobe that causes infection in root canal treatment
entero faecialis
first microbiota appearedin oral cavity after birth
strep salivarius
normally found in cheek area
bile insoluble
strep mitins
initiates caries formation coz it produces extracellular polysaccharide dextran like substance glucosyltransferase and enolase
strep mutans
motile causes salmonellosis or typhoid fever
salmonella typhi
opporunistic infection of urinary and respirtory tracts
enterobacter
normally found in intestines this species is always checked in the purity of water supply
e.coli
food poisoning uti nenatal meningitis and sepsis
e.coli
causes lung abscess in alcoholic patients
klebsiella pneumonia
most common infecion found in the hospital
pseudomnas aeroginosa
infection produces bluish green pigment
pseudomona aeroginosa
causes shanghai fever
blue pus with fruity odor
infections in burn
pseudomonas aeroginusa
causes young adult meningitis
n. meningitides
causes venereal diseases
n. gonorrhea
normal microbiota in throat
n.catarrhalis
hospital bacteria
pseudomonas aeroginosa
staph aureus
strep pneumonia
e.coli
facultative anaerobic that causes GINGIVITIS
porphyromonas gingivalis
organism that has collagenase that produces ulcerations of sulcular epithelium
p.gingivalis
normal microbiota in GIT
B. fragilis
bacteria in whooping cough
bordetella pertussis
normal microbiota in stomach causes peptic and gastric ulcer
h.pylori
facultative anaerobe causes cholera
commonly found in saltwater
vibrio cholera
obligate parasite that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects columnar cell causes venereal disease or std
chlamydia
causes conjunctivitis and lower genitourinary tract infection
c.trachoma
causes epizootic infection that leads to atypical pneumonia
c. psittaci
non spore forming and usay transmitted by biting anthropods (ticks /lice)
obligate parasites that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects epithelial cells
rickettsia
rocky mountain spotted fever through tickbite
r.rickettsi
ricktsial infection without anthropodal involvement
dust and soil
Q fever
veneral disease syphylis
treponema
great imittator coz it mimic syphylis and erythema multiforme
cause lyme disease through tickbite
borellia burgodorferi
first observe in kidneys cause yellow fever
leptospira
have the most abundant lipid in their cellwall
contains mycolic acid that resist decolorization by dilute dering gram staining
mycobacterium
causes lung infection
m.tuberculosis
causes skin infection
m.leprae
pathognomonic sign of m.leprae
leonine facies (lion face)
eukaryotic with two form mlds and yeast
causes hypersensitivity which reslts to infectious disease
fungus
causes san joaquin valley fever
cocciiomycosis
caused by b.dermatitidis that produce granulomatous ulcer in oral cavity
blastomycosis
spread through blood that causes meningitis
cryptococcus
most common fungus in oral cavity causes candidiasis
candida albicans
due to prolong expsure to penicillin drugs
acute candidiasis
due to denture stomatitis
chronic candidiasis
treatment of denture stomatitis
nystatin
whenone organism benefits and othr neither benefits nor is harmed
commensalism
carried by anopheles mosquito
plasmodium
most common cause of malaria
p.malariae
parasite protein found in rbc
p.vivax with schuffner dots
carried by cats causing toxoplasmosis
most common cause of death of food borne because no signs and symptoms
toxoplasma gondi
causes intesinal dysentry that affectthe small intestine it can be fatal when it affects liver
entamoeba hystolica
treatment of entamoeba hystolica
metronidazole
fully formed virus that is able to establish an infectiuos in a host cell
virion
3 major component of virus
nucleic acid( DNA / RNA)
capsid
lipid envelope
prions
causes hepatitis b
most difficult micrrgnaism to eradicate
contains reverse transcriptase
hepadnavirus
causes pharyngiis respiratory illness and conjunctivitis
adenovirus
smallest dna virus
parvoviridae
largest and most complex virus
poxviridae
causes small pox and molluscum contagiusom
poxvirus
spreads via respiratory tract contains guarnieri bodie
incubation period is 10-14 days
small pox
causes warts cervical cancer and squamous cell carcinoma
human papilloma virus
pathognomonis sign of herpes virus
lipschutz sign
causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis which is common in children can cause squamous cell carcinoma
HSV-1
causes roseola or 3 day fever
HSV-6
causes genitalis mainly affects female during pregnancy it affects infants during birt causing herpes conjunctivitis
HSV-2
causes kaposis sarcoma that commonly affect the early skin lesion that appears red nodule
HSV-8
causes chickenpox
stay dormant in the body for the longest time of life
varicella zoster virus
causes shingles
herpes zoster virus
causes burkitts lymphoma infectiuos mononucleosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Epstein barr virus
causes hepatosplenomegally
cytomegallo virus
orthomyxovirus that causes flu
influenza virus
contains hematoglutinin and neurominidase ability to hange its strain
influenza virus
causes german measles or 3 day measles
affect 1st tri pregnant women
has forcheimrs spots
myxovirus
member of reovirus causes gastroenteritis in children
rota virus
causes rabies that affects substancia nigr
3-8 weeks incubation period
rhabdovirus
mosquito borne that infects liver
yellow fever
mosquitoborne that infects platelets
dengue fever
hepatitis that has no vaccine
hepa c
causespoliomyelitis most common serious disease
poliovirus
vesicular pharyngitis appears blisters and ulcerations that affects soft palate and oropharynx
herpangina
causes common colds and the only virus that causes sorethroat
rhinovirus
causes rubeola resulting in exanthem or skin eruption
measles virus
multpile white lesions wit brick found on buccal mucosa
koplik spots
has warthin finkeldey cells
measles virus
cause lower respiratory tract infection like bronchitis and pneumonia in infants
resp. synctial virus
member of retroviridae
hiv
used to check value of cd4 t cells
cd4 count
used to detect hiv antibodies
elisa
enzyme linked immunosorbent essay test
treatment of hiv
arv/art antiretroviral therapy
involves orn body response with the production of immunoglobins
active immunity
involves fetal mother circulation
passive immunity
contain vaccines
active acquired
exposure to bacteria
passive acquired
vaccines containe 3 things
attenuated livemicroorganism
toxoid
killed microorganism
father of bacteriology
robert koch
father of microbiology
louis pasteur
inroduced staining techniques
robert koch
introduced diff techniques of sterilization
louis pasteur
termed anaphylaxis
charles richet
discover peniccilin
alexander flemming
what are the small dna molecules found in microorganism that are separated from their chromosomal dna
plasmids
also known as murein layer
peptidoglycan layer
gram positive bacteria produces endotoxin and exotoxin
listeria monocytogenes
gram positive
violet
gram negative
red
breaksdown hyaluronic acid and spreading factor
hyaloronidase
hyperexcitability of muscles and neurns due to hypocalcemia
tetany
vaccine of tetanus
tetanus toxoid
molluscom contagiousom is caused by
pox virus
