Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
prokaryote contains?
A
DNA only
2
Q
bacteria is reproduce by?
A
binary fission
3
Q
site of protein synthesis
A
polyribosome
4
Q
Site of oxidative phosphorylation takes place?
A
cell membrane surface
5
Q
prevents phagocytic activity made up of polysaccharides
A
capsule
6
Q
what are the cardinal signs of inflamation
A
rubor
calor
dolor
tumor
function laesa
7
Q
singe flagellum can extend from one end
A
monotrichous
8
Q
single flagellum on both sides
A
amphitrichous
9
Q
group of flagella at one or both sides
A
lophotricous
10
Q
group of flagella all over the cell wall
A
peritrichous
11
Q
hair like structure for motility
A
flagella
12
Q
hair like structure for attachment
A
pilli
13
Q
most important mediator of inflammation
A
histamine
14
Q
it is produced by mast cells and basophils
A
histamine
15
Q
receptor that plays a important role in allergic reaction
A
H1 receptors
16
Q
heat loving bacteria
A
thermophile
17
Q
cold loving bacteria
A
psychrophile
18
Q
bacteria that requires carbon dioxide for growth
A
capnophilics
19
Q
test used to differentiate aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
A
catalase test
20
Q
it is the passive movement of blood cells across endothelial wall
A
diapedesis
21
Q
phase of bacteria that are metabolically acctive but not reproducing
A
LAG phase
22
Q
phase of bacteria when there is cell division
A
LOG / Exponential phase
23
Q
delivering bacteria DNA to next hose to produce lysogen
A
transduction
24
Q
genetic transfer from one bacteria to another via a virus
A
transduction
25
it has bridge / sex pilus for transfer
conjugation
26
it is the most common form of staining
gram staining
27
facultative anaerobic microrganism found in oral cavity causes infection
normal microbiot of oropharynx
actinomycetes
28
most common actinomycetes
A. Israelli
29
causes root surface caries
A. Viscosus
30
treatment of suppurative infection in cervico facial area caused by actinomycetes
PEN VK
31
aerobic bacteria has endospore
bacillus
32
microrganism that are normal microbiota in GIT, VAGINA, and SALIVA
lactobacillus
33
anaerobic bacteria that contains endospore
normal reside in female genital tract
clostridium
34
only bacteria that affects ant. horn of spinal cord causing opisthothonus
C. tetani
35
common in canned goods and undercooked food causes intoxicationrather than infection
c. botulinum
36
most common undercooked food
taenia solium
37
drug induced bacteria causes pseudomembranous colitis (gen inflammation of colon)
c. difficile
38
produces lecithenase that causes gas gangrene
c.perfringens
39
only gram bacteria that contains endotoxins
listeria
40
listeriasis from contaminated food
l.monocytogenes
41
only microorganism that can be bacteriophage
corynebacterium
42
bacterial infectionof mucous membrane of nose and throat
diptheria
43
grape like facultative anaerobic
gram positive that produces beta lactamase
staphylococcus
44
normal bacteria of skin
can cause infection mostly in the form of abscesses with golden yellow pigmentation
staph aureus
45
converts plasminogen to plasmin
staphylokinase fibrinolysin
46
chai like normally found in oral cavity
streptococcus
47
most common infection in community
strep. pneumonia
48
most numerous in plaque formation and in hard tissue in oral cavity
most common microrganism causes endocarditis
strep viridans
49
initiates plaque formation
strep sanguis
50
most common of all beta strep
strep pyogens
51
dissolves blood clots by cleaving plasmid
streptokinase
52
causes neonatal pneumonia
strep agalactiae
53
facultative anaerobe that causes infection in root canal treatment
entero faecialis
54
first microbiota appearedin oral cavity after birth
strep salivarius
55
normally found in cheek area
bile insoluble
strep mitins
56
initiates caries formation coz it produces extracellular polysaccharide dextran like substance glucosyltransferase and enolase
strep mutans
57
motile causes salmonellosis or typhoid fever
salmonella typhi
58
opporunistic infection of urinary and respirtory tracts
enterobacter
59
normally found in intestines this species is always checked in the purity of water supply
e.coli
60
food poisoning uti nenatal meningitis and sepsis
e.coli
61
causes lung abscess in alcoholic patients
klebsiella pneumonia
62
most common infecion found in the hospital
pseudomnas aeroginosa
63
infection produces bluish green pigment
pseudomona aeroginosa
64
causes shanghai fever
blue pus with fruity odor
infections in burn
pseudomonas aeroginusa
65
causes young adult meningitis
n. meningitides
66
causes venereal diseases
n. gonorrhea
67
normal microbiota in throat
n.catarrhalis
68
hospital bacteria
pseudomonas aeroginosa
staph aureus
strep pneumonia
e.coli
69
facultative anaerobic that causes GINGIVITIS
porphyromonas gingivalis
70
organism that has collagenase that produces ulcerations of sulcular epithelium
p.gingivalis
71
normal microbiota in GIT
B. fragilis
72
bacteria in whooping cough
bordetella pertussis
73
normal microbiota in stomach causes peptic and gastric ulcer
h.pylori
74
facultative anaerobe causes cholera
commonly found in saltwater
vibrio cholera
75
obligate parasite that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects columnar cell causes venereal disease or std
chlamydia
76
causes conjunctivitis and lower genitourinary tract infection
c.trachoma
77
causes epizootic infection that leads to atypical pneumonia
c. psittaci
78
non spore forming and usay transmitted by biting anthropods (ticks /lice)
obligate parasites that contain dna and rna within nucleus
infects epithelial cells
rickettsia
79
rocky mountain spotted fever through tickbite
r.rickettsi
80
ricktsial infection without anthropodal involvement
dust and soil
Q fever
81
veneral disease syphylis
treponema
82
great imittator coz it mimic syphylis and erythema multiforme
cause lyme disease through tickbite
borellia burgodorferi
83
first observe in kidneys cause yellow fever
leptospira
84
have the most abundant lipid in their cellwall
contains mycolic acid that resist decolorization by dilute dering gram staining
mycobacterium
85
causes lung infection
m.tuberculosis
86
causes skin infection
m.leprae
87
pathognomonic sign of m.leprae
leonine facies (lion face)
88
eukaryotic with two form mlds and yeast
causes hypersensitivity which reslts to infectious disease
fungus
89
causes san joaquin valley fever
cocciiomycosis
90
caused by b.dermatitidis that produce granulomatous ulcer in oral cavity
blastomycosis
91
spread through blood that causes meningitis
cryptococcus
92
most common fungus in oral cavity causes candidiasis
candida albicans
93
due to prolong expsure to penicillin drugs
acute candidiasis
94
due to denture stomatitis
chronic candidiasis
95
treatment of denture stomatitis
nystatin
96
whenone organism benefits and othr neither benefits nor is harmed
commensalism
97
carried by anopheles mosquito
plasmodium
98
most common cause of malaria
p.malariae
99
parasite protein found in rbc
p.vivax with schuffner dots
100
carried by cats causing toxoplasmosis
most common cause of death of food borne because no signs and symptoms
toxoplasma gondi
101
causes intesinal dysentry that affectthe small intestine it can be fatal when it affects liver
entamoeba hystolica
102
treatment of entamoeba hystolica
metronidazole
103
fully formed virus that is able to establish an infectiuos in a host cell
virion
104
3 major component of virus
nucleic acid( DNA / RNA)
capsid
lipid envelope
prions
105
causes hepatitis b
most difficult micrrgnaism to eradicate
contains reverse transcriptase
hepadnavirus
106
causes pharyngiis respiratory illness and conjunctivitis
adenovirus
107
smallest dna virus
parvoviridae
108
largest and most complex virus
poxviridae
109
causes small pox and molluscum contagiusom
poxvirus
110
spreads via respiratory tract contains guarnieri bodie
incubation period is 10-14 days
small pox
111
causes warts cervical cancer and squamous cell carcinoma
human papilloma virus
112
pathognomonis sign of herpes virus
lipschutz sign
113
causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis which is common in children can cause squamous cell carcinoma
HSV-1
114
causes roseola or 3 day fever
HSV-6
115
causes genitalis mainly affects female during pregnancy it affects infants during birt causing herpes conjunctivitis
HSV-2
116
causes kaposis sarcoma that commonly affect the early skin lesion that appears red nodule
HSV-8
117
causes chickenpox
stay dormant in the body for the longest time of life
varicella zoster virus
118
causes shingles
herpes zoster virus
119
causes burkitts lymphoma infectiuos mononucleosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Epstein barr virus
120
causes hepatosplenomegally
cytomegallo virus
121
orthomyxovirus that causes flu
influenza virus
122
contains hematoglutinin and neurominidase ability to hange its strain
influenza virus
123
causes german measles or 3 day measles
affect 1st tri pregnant women
has forcheimrs spots
myxovirus
124
member of reovirus causes gastroenteritis in children
rota virus
125
causes rabies that affects substancia nigr
3-8 weeks incubation period
rhabdovirus
126
mosquito borne that infects liver
yellow fever
127
mosquitoborne that infects platelets
dengue fever
128
hepatitis that has no vaccine
hepa c
129
causespoliomyelitis most common serious disease
poliovirus
130
vesicular pharyngitis appears blisters and ulcerations that affects soft palate and oropharynx
herpangina
131
causes common colds and the only virus that causes sorethroat
rhinovirus
132
causes rubeola resulting in exanthem or skin eruption
measles virus
133
multpile white lesions wit brick found on buccal mucosa
koplik spots
134
has warthin finkeldey cells
measles virus
135
cause lower respiratory tract infection like bronchitis and pneumonia in infants
resp. synctial virus
136
member of retroviridae
hiv
137
used to check value of cd4 t cells
cd4 count
138
used to detect hiv antibodies
elisa
enzyme linked immunosorbent essay test
139
treatment of hiv
arv/art antiretroviral therapy
140
involves orn body response with the production of immunoglobins
active immunity
141
involves fetal mother circulation
passive immunity
142
contain vaccines
active acquired
143
exposure to bacteria
passive acquired
144
vaccines containe 3 things
attenuated livemicroorganism
toxoid
killed microorganism
145
father of bacteriology
robert koch
146
father of microbiology
louis pasteur
147
inroduced staining techniques
robert koch
148
introduced diff techniques of sterilization
louis pasteur
149
termed anaphylaxis
charles richet
150
discover peniccilin
alexander flemming
151
what are the small dna molecules found in microorganism that are separated from their chromosomal dna
plasmids
152
also known as murein layer
peptidoglycan layer
153
gram positive bacteria produces endotoxin and exotoxin
listeria monocytogenes
154
gram positive
violet
155
gram negative
red
156
breaksdown hyaluronic acid and spreading factor
hyaloronidase
157
hyperexcitability of muscles and neurns due to hypocalcemia
tetany
158
vaccine of tetanus
tetanus toxoid
159
molluscom contagiousom is caused by
pox virus
