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ATP > Oral Review > Flashcards

Oral Review Flashcards

1
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vso

A
  • Stall Speed in Landing Configuration
  • 45 KIAS
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2
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vs

A
  • Stall Speed with zero flaps
  • 50 KIAS
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3
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vr

A
  • Rotation Speed
  • 60 KIAS
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4
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vx

A
  • Best angle of climb
  • 64 KIAS
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5
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vy

A
  • Best rate of climb
  • 76 KIAS
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6
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Vg

A
  • Best glide speed at max weight
  • 76 KIAS
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7
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

VFE

A
  • Max flap extension speed
  • 102 KIAS
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8
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

VNO

A
  • Max structural cruising speed
  • 125 KIAS
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9
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

VNE

A
  • Never exceed speed
  • 154 KIAS
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10
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Va - At 2,550 pounds

A
  • Maneuvering Speed at 2,550
  • 113 KIAS
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11
Q

Recite the V-Speeds.

Va - At 1,917 pounds

A
  • Maneuvering speed at 1,917
  • 98 KIAS
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12
Q

What is the maximum demonstrated crosswind component?

A
  • 17 Knots
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13
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

How many cylinders?

A
  • Four Cylinders
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14
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

Who is the manufacturer?

A
  • Lycoming
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15
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

What is the Horsepower rating?

A
  • 180 horsepower at 2,700 RPM
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16
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

Does it have fuel injectors or a carburetor?

A
  • We have both at KCXO
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17
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

Is the engine turbo-charged or normally aspirated?

A
  • Normally Apirated

Which means…..

  • The air the engine is taking in, is all the air that the engine is getting. Our performance gets worse the higher up we go. So, the denser the air pressure is the worse our engine performance is and the lower our horsepower rating is.
  • It is creating the same amount of horsepower no matter what altitude we are at.

Other types….

(Forced Induction, also known as turbo-charged or supercharged. The air is getting forced into the engine. You are getting more air molecules. Which means, you are getting the same performance no matter how high are low you are because the induction system is forcing extra air molecules in.)

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18
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

How are the cylinders arranged?

A
  • They are horizontally opposed
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19
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

How is ignition provided?

A
  1. The starter is powered by the primary battery
  2. Press the starter
  3. Starter then engages the flywheel
  4. The flywheel starts turning the crankshaft which is directly driven
  5. Crankshaft begins to rotate the propeller
  6. Crankshaft also makes the magnetos begin to spin creating an electrical current
  7. Crankshaft begins to move the pistons which are located inside the cylinders that are rotating
  8. As the pistons are moving and providing power, the valves are opening.
  9. As the electrical current from the magneto travels to the spark plug it now emits a spark
  10. Which then ignites the fuel/air mixture
    10.Then the four-stroke cycle begins in the cylinders (intake, compression, combustion, exhaust)
    11.They are then rotating each of the four stroke cycle in each of the four cylinders keeping the engine running at a constant pace.
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20
Q

Describe the PA-28-181 engine.

What are the minimum and maximum oil capacities?

A

ATP Minimum….

  • 6.5 Quarts

ATP Maximum….

  • 8 Quarts

POH Minimum….

  • 2 Quarts

POH Maximum….

  • 8 Quarts
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21
Q

Describe the propeller system.

Who makes the propellers?

A
  • Sensenich
  • 76 Inch Diameter
  • Metal Blade
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22
Q

Describe the propeller system.

How is the propeller RPM adjusted?

A
  • Throttle
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23
Q

Describe the propeller system?

Define fixed pitch.

A
  • Does not change
  • A fixed pitch like ours, the RPM’s will not stay the same. They will get lower on takeoff and higher on landing. The RPM’s will change because our pitch won’t change.

*If pitch is adjustable and constant speed, the RPM’s will stay the same (NOT OURS)

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24
Q

Describe the electrical system.

A
  • 28 DC volts for the electrical system
  • 70 amps for the alternator
  • We have two batteries in our planes
  • 24 Lead Acid Battery for the primary battery
  • 24 Lead Acid Battery for the emergency battery
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25
Q

Describe the primary battery.

A
  • it provides electrical power to the equipment when the engine is not running
  • it is used to provide power to start the plane
  • it is located in the aft fuselage area (nose cowling)
  • it is powered by the 70 amp alternator
  • Once the plane starts, it provides power to the essential bus, non-essential bus, and lighting bus.
26
Q

What are the indications of a failed alternator?

A
  • Alternator “INOP” CAS message will illuminate
  • Alt Amps would read “0”
  • Discharge would be negative
27
Q

What is a voltage regulator.

A
  • if the 28 DC volt system gets up to 32 volts, the voltage regulator will notice it and stop charging our battery. So, we do not overcharge our battery.
28
Q

Will the engine continue to run with the alternator and battery master switches turned off?

A
  • Yes
  • As long as the magnetos are on, the engine will continue to run
29
Q

Describe the Stall warning system.

A
  • As you increase angle of attack, you have a new leading edge of the plane
  • Which then hits the stall tab, giving us the warning of the stall
  • The stall warning system notifies us when we are between 5 - 10 knots above stall speed

-

30
Q

What are stall strips?

A
  • They are wind disruptors that cause the root of the wing to stall before the wingtip
31
Q

Why do we have stall strips?

A
  • So that we are still able to have control of the aircraft with the ailerons.
32
Q

Describe the Fuel System.

A
  • Two 25 Gallon Tanks
  • 1 Gallon in each tank is unusable, due to it not being accessible
  • So, we only have 48 usable gallons of fuel
  • We have two Fuel Pumps (Engine driven fuel pump) ( Electrical Driven Fuel Pump)
  • We have three fuel sumps
  • the one on the nose cowling is a strainer and the most important to check for preflight!
  • We can use 100 LL AVGAS (Blue)
  • Or we can use 100 Octane (Green)
33
Q

What are the two fuel delivery systems?

A
  • Carbureted
  • Fuel-Injected
34
Q

Explain how to change fuel tanks in cruise flight.

A
  1. Electric fuel pump on
  2. Rotate fuel selector to proper tank
  3. Check fuel flow
  4. Turn electric fuel pump off
  5. Check fuel flow
35
Q

Describe the landing gear system.

A
  • Tricycle configuration
  • fixed
  • two main and a nose gear
  • there are also struts on all 3 gears
36
Q

Describe the landing gear system.

How is steering accomplished on the ground?

A
  • Rudder pedals
37
Q

Describe the landing gear system.

What is the range of travel on the nose wheel?

A
  • 20 degrees left from center
  • 20 degrees right from center
38
Q

Describe the landing gear system.

What are oleo struts?

A
  • an oil and air strut that is compressed with nitrogen
39
Q

What type of breaking system is used by the archer?

A
  • Hydraulically-actuated disc brakes
40
Q

Where is the brake fluid reservoir?

A
  • In the front left of the firewall
41
Q

What types of flaps does the archer have?

A
  • Single slotted
  • Manual
  • Spring loaded
42
Q

What are the flap settings on the archer?

A
  • 0 Degrees
  • 10 Degrees
  • 25 Degrees
  • 40 Degrees
43
Q

What are the maximum taxi, takeoff, and landing weights?

A

Maximum Taxi….

  • 2,558 Pounds

Maximum Takeoff….

  • 2,550 Pounds

Maximum Landing….

  • 2,550 Pounds
44
Q

What is the maximum baggage capacity?

A
  • 200 Pounds
45
Q

Define Vx and Vy.

A

Vx….

  • the best angle of climb
  • most height in the shortest amount of distance

Scenario:

Plane B wants to get to 10,000’ in the shortest distance. So, they will pitch for Vx and get to 10,000’ in less overall distance than Plane A.

Vy….

  • best rate of climb
  • the most height in the shortest amount of time

Scenario:

Plane A wants to get to 10,000’ in the shortest amount of time. So, they will pitch for Vy and get to 10,000’ in less time than Plane B.

46
Q

What aircraft equipment checks are required under FAR Part 91?

A

A.A.V.1.A.T.E

A - Airworthiness Directives
A - Annual Inspection (12 Calendar Months)
V - VOR Check (30 days, if IFR)
1 - 100 Hours (For Hire Plane)
A - Altimers + Static Source (24 Calendar Months)
T - Transponder (24 Calendar Months)
E - ELT (12 Calendar Months) (50% Battery Life) (1 Hour cumulative use)

47
Q

What documents are required to be on the aircraft?

A

A.R.R.O.W.P.E.C.

A - Airworthiness
R - Registration (Expires 7 Years after issued)
R - Radio License
O - Operating Handbook
W - Weight and Balances
P- Placards
E - External Data Plates
C - Compass Deviation Card

48
Q

Explain Lost Communications Procedures.

A

Bravo Airspace…

  • Stay on Main course
  • Squawk 7600
  • Try to leave the Bravo

Delta Airspace….

  • Look for light gun signals
  • Squawk 7600
  • Comply with light gun signal

Echo Airspace….

  • Find an area to land
  • Squawk 7600
  • Land and call for help
49
Q

Explain the Pitot-Static System.

Does the PA-28 have an alternate static source? If so, how is it activated and what actions are necessary to acquire the most accurate reading?

A
  • Yes, you flip the switch on the bottom left of the instrument panel to activate it.
  • Make sure the cabin fan and vents are closed. Storm window closed. Cabin defrost and heater on to get the most accurate reading.
50
Q

If our ADC goes out, what will we no longer have access to?

A
  • Vertcial Speed
  • Indicated Airspeed
  • Outside Air Temperature provides True Airspeed
  • Altimeters
51
Q

How many holes does the Pitot Mast have?

A
  • Three
52
Q

Does the Ram Air on the Pitot Mast go to all three indicators?

A
  • No
  • It only goes to the indicated airspeed.
53
Q

When is the electric fuel pump to be used?

A
  • Takeoffs
  • Landings
  • Switching Tanks
  • Start Up
54
Q

If electrical power is lost from the alternator, what other power sources will allow the avionics to continue providing flight instrument information?

A
  • Primary Battery (Approximately 30 mins of power)
  • Emergency Battery (Approximately 30 mins of power)

*Assuming we reduced the electrical load

55
Q

What are Line Replaceable Units (LRU’s) that make up the G1000 system?

A

P.A.M.I.M.E.A.T.

P - Primary Flight Display (PFD)
A - ADC/ AHRS
M - Multi-Function Display (MFD)
I - Integrated Avionics Units (IAU) (x2)
M - Magnetometer
E - Engine / Airframe Unit
A - Audio Panel
T - Transponder

56
Q

How does the emergency battery automatically know to switch on? In the event, of an electrical failure.

A
  • Because we “Arm” the emergency battery before every flight.
57
Q

What feature of the G1000 should the pilot use in the event of a PFD screen failure?

A
  • Display Backup
58
Q

What flight instrument indications would be lost in the event of an AHRS failure?

A
  • Attitude Indicator
  • Heading Indicator
  • Turn Coordinator
  • Rate of turn indicator
59
Q

Spin Recovery.

A

R.E.A.P.

R - Rudder opposite of the spin
E - Elevator Full Forward/ Nose down
A - Ailerons Neutral
P - Power Idle

*Power does not go full because it will increase our angle of attack and it will also increase our natural turning tendencies.

60
Q

What cause a spin?

A
  • An exaggerated and uncoordinated stall causes a spin
  • Inadequate lift on one wing causes the aircraft to go into a downward spiral trajectory

ATP (10 decks)

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