Checkride Flashcards
Private Pilot Eligibility Requirements (Reg. Number)
FAR 61.103
Private Pilot Eligibilty Requirements
- Be at least 17 years of age
- Be able to read, speak, write, and understand English
- Hold a US Student Pilot certification
- Hold at least a third class medical
- Receive and log ground and flight training and given proper endorsements by and authorized instructor
- Pass the required knowledge and practice tests
- Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements from FAR 61.109
Privileges and Limitations of a Pilot (Reg. Number)
FAR 61.113
Privileges and Limitations of a Pilot
- A private pilot may not pay less than the pro-rata share of the operating expenses of a flight with passengers, provided the expenses involve only the fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees
- Except as provided below, no person who holds a private pilot certificate may act as pilot in command of an aircraft that is carrying passengers or property for hire; nor may that person, for compensation or hire, act as pilot in command of an aircraft
- A private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as pilot in command of an aircraft in connection with any business or employment if: the flight is only incidental to that business or employment; and the aircraft does not carry passengers or property for the compensation or hire
- A private pilot who is an aircraft salesman and who has at least 200 hours of logged flight time
- A private pilot may act as pilot in command of a charitable, non-profit, or community event flight
- A private pilot of an aircraft towing a glider or unpowered ultra-light vehicle
PIC Documents (Reg. Numbers)
- Part 61.3
- Part 91.3
PIC Documents (Required on Board)
- Pilot Certification
- Government-issued photo ID
- Unexpired & Applicable medical
Medical Requirements and Duration (Reg. Number)
Part 61.23
Physical Condition (I’M SAFE CHECKLIST) (Reg. Number)
AIM 8-1-1
What is Hyperventilation? What is it caused by?
- Result of excessive loss of carbon dioxide into the body (Caused by; Stress, Fright, pain in which one’s breathing rate and depth increase leading to unconsciousness)
What is Carbon Monoxide Poisoning? What is the solution?
- CO prevents the hemoglobin from carrying oxygen to the cells, resulting in Hypemic Hypoxia (Your body can absorb CO up to 200 times faster than oxygen) CO is odorless, colorless, produced by all internal combustion engines. The heater and defrost vents are the passageways for CO to enter the cockpit (If you smell exhausted take action immediately)
- Turn fresh air vents on, open windows, turn off heater/defrost, and/or use supplemental oxygen
What is Decompression Sickness? What does it cause?
- Not enough time to for the body to rid itself of excess nitrogen absorbed from diving, nitrogen bubbles can form in the bloodstream, spinal cord, or brain as pressure decreases with altitude.
- Typically causes joint pain
What are the hazards regarding Scuba Diving? How long should you wait to fly if you had a controlled and non-controlled ascent?
- A pilot or passenger who intends to fly should allow the body sufficient time to rid itself of excess nitrogen absorbed during diving.
~ Controlled ascent - Wait 24 hours
~ Non-controlled ascent below 8,000 - Wait 12 hours
~ Non-controlled ascent over 8,000 - Wait 24 hours
Alcohol and Drug Requirements
- No person may act or attempt to act as a crew-member of a civil aircraft:
~ 8 hours after consumption
~ while under the influence
~ while using any drug that affects the person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety
~ or while having an alcohol concentration greater than 0.04% BAC (Blood Alcohol Content)
Required Aircraft Documents (Reg. Number)
FAR 91.203
Required Aicraft Documents
A - Airworthiness Certificate (remains valid as long as the aircraft meets its approved type design, is in a condition for safe operation and maintenance, preventative maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with CFR 14 Parts 21, 43, and 91)
R - Registration (expires three years after aircraft was registered or renewed - also expires: change of ownership, per request, registered in another country, crash, or 30 days after death of the owner)
R - Radio licenses (required if operating outside the US, pilot & aircraft licenses, acquired from Federal Communications Commission –FCC)
O - Operator’s Handbook (Pilot Operating Handbook – POH) 91.9 & 91.25
W - Weight & Balance (Official updated/current W&B located in the POH) Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) – Make Model
Required Aircraft Inspections
A - Annual Inspection (Every 12 months – Inspect the Aircraft) 91.409(a)
V - VOR* (Every 30 days) AIM 1-1-3 thru 1-1-8 & 91.171
1 - 100 Hour (Required for hire every 100 hours of flight time (Overflown by 10 hours for maintenance to inspect the “airframe”) 91.4099(b)
A - Altimeter* (24 calendar months) 91.215 & 91.413
T - Transponder (24 calendar months) 91.215 & 91.413
E - Electronic Location Transmitter ((ELT) (12 calendar months)) 91.207(d)
E - ELT Battery (1 hour of cumulative use or 50% of useable life) 91.207(c)
S - Static* (24 calendar months) 91.411
* Only required for IFR flight
• An annual inspection may take the place of a 100 hour inspection, however the 100 hour will not cover an annual inspection
• 100 hour inspection may be signed off by an Aircraft Maintenance Technician (AMT) who holds an Airframe and/or Power-plant certificate
(A&P), but an AMT who is an Authorized Inspector (AI) may sign off on annual inspections
* mention that if there is an AD due every 100 hours then you cannot over fly the AD
Required “DAY” VFR Equipment (Reg. Number)
Part 91.205(b)
Required “DAY” VFR Equipment
A - Airspeed Indicator
T - Tachometer (Per each engine)
O - Oil Pressure Gauge (Per each engine)
M - Manifold Pressure Gauge (Per each engine)
A - Altimeter
T - Temperature Gauge (Only if liquid cooled)
O - Oil Temperature Gauge (Only if air cooled)
F - Fuel Quantity Gauge (Per Tank)
L - Landing Gear Position Indicator (Only if gears are retractable)
A - Ant-Collision Lights
M - Magnetic Compass
E - Emergency Location Transmitter (ELT)
S - Seatbelts
Private Pilots Privileges + Limitations: Acronym
P - Pro Rata Share
S - Salesman (200 Total)
C - Charity
R - Rescue
I - Incidental to Business (Can’t Charge People)
P - Production (Test Pilot) (200 Total)
T - Tow Glider (100 Total)
Flight Review Requirements:
- Must happen every 24 Calender Months
- Must be current on Knowledge
- Minimum 1 hour of flight training
- 1 hour of ground instruction
- Must be administered by a CFI
Is it possible to fail a flight review?
- No, you just won’t be endorsed.
Who is the NTSB?
National Transportation Safety Board
What do you report to the NTSB? Where would you locate this?
- Incidents
- Accidents
- FAR 830
What affects density altitude?
H - Heat
H - Humidity
H - High
What is ADM?
- Aeronautical Decision Making
- Go or No-Go
Define Proficiency and Currency.
Proficiency: It must be legal to do it. (Is it safe? Have I been to this airport before? Have I flown in these winds? Have I flown in this airspace before? Or this terrain?)
Currency: Is a legal definition. (Must have performed 3 landings at night within the past 90 days before carrying passengers.)
What are the three definitions on night?
- Sunset to Sunrise
- One hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise
- Evening civil twilight to morning civil twilight
When would you need to turn on your position and anticollision lights on?
- Sunset to Sunrise
If you need to get night currency to carry passengers, what must you do?
- Three takeoffs and landings as the sole manipulator of flight controls of an aircraft of the same category and class and, if a type rating is required, of the same type.
- If the aircraft is a tailwheel airplane, the landings must have been made to a full stop.
- If operations are to be conducted during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise, with passengers on board, the pilot-in-command must have made at least three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop during that period in an aircraft of the same category, class, and type (if a type is required) of aircraft to be used.
Can night landing be counted during the day?
- Yes, however day landings cannot be counted towards night.
What are possible compass errors?
V - Variation (True vs. Magnetic)
D - Deviation (Magnetic Interference)
M - Magnetic Dip
O - Oscillation (Turbulence)
N - Northerly Turning Errors
A - Acceleration Errors
Can you perform a flight review as a private pilot?
- The flight review must be performed by an authorized instructor
Explain to me the privileges that one may exercise if they hold a private pilot certificate. (Reg. Number)
- FAR 61.113
Explain to me the limitations that can be imposed on the holder of a private pilot certificate.
- FAR 61.113
Explain to me the duration of your medical certificate the duration of the privileges that you are allowed to exercise: (Reg. Number)
- 61.23
Give several examples of when immediate notification is required to the NTSB:
- Flight control system malfunction or failure
- Inability of any required flight crewmember to perform normal flight duties as a result of injury or illness
- In-flight fire
- Aircraft collision in flight
- Damage to property, other than the aircraft, estimated to exceed $25,000 for repair or fair market value in the event of total loss, whichever is less
What is an AIRMET?
- Advisories of significant weather phenomena
- Describes conditions of intensities lower than those that require the issuance of a SIGMET
- Issued for 6 hours periods (Amended as necessary due to changing weather conditions)
- Typically weather that is hazardous to general aviation
Types of AIRMETS?
- SIERRA
- TANGO
- ZULU
SIERRA
- IFR Conditions and mountain obscuration
TANGO
- Moderate turbulence
- Sustained surface winds 30kts or greater
- Low-Level Wind Shear
ZULU
- Moderate icing
- Freezing level heights
What is a SIGMET?
- Advises of non-convective weather that is potentially hazardous to ALL aircraft
- Issued every 4 hours
- Visibility is less than 3 SM
- Ex: Dust/ Sandstorms/ Volcanic Ash/ Severe Icing/ Severe Turbulence
What is a Convective SIGMET?
- Advises of convective weather that is potentially hazardous to ALL aircraft
- Severe or extreme weather associated with thunderstorms or convective activity
- Surface winds greater than or equal to 50kts
- Hail, at the surface greater than or equal to 3/4” in diameter
- Severe icing, turbulence, or wind shear due to thunderstorms
- Embedded thunderstorms
- line of thunderstorms covering 40% or more of an area at least 60 miles
- Issued every 2 hours
What is a TAF? When is it issued?
- Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
- Issued every 6 hours (4 times daily and valid for 24 hours) (Sometimes 30 Hours for airports with international flight)
- Usually reports a 5 SM radius for station
- Weather that has not happened but will happen (Forecasting)
What is a METAR? When is it issued?
- Aviation Routine Weather Observation
- Issued every hour or when needed for a SPECI
- Weather that has already happened (Observation)
NTSB: Define an accident.
- An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage.
What are the required reports that must be made to the NTSB from a serious injury due to an accident?
- Requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours, commencing within 7 days from the date of the injury was received
- Results in a fracture of any bone (except simple fractures of fingers, toes, or nose)
- Causes severe hemorrhages, nerve, muscle, or tendon damage
- Involves any internal organ
- Involves second or third-degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5 percent of the body surface.
What report must be made to the NTSB if there has been substantial damage to an aircraft from an accident?
- Damage or failure which adversely affects the structural strength, performance, or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and which would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component.
What is Pilotage?
- Navigation by reference to landmarks or checkpoints