Oral medicine

Question 1

what are some of the causes of dry mouth

Answer 1

medications, dehydration, drinking and smoking, mouth breathing, anxiety, cancer treatment, health conditions

Question 2

how to manage dry mouth

Answer 2

drink water, suck on ice cubes or sugar free sweets, chew gum, humidifiers, reduce caffeine, alcohol and food that cause irritation intake, use SLS-free toothpaste, regular check-ups, fluoride application

Question 3

how to manage oral ulceration

Answer 3

soft diet, avoid spicy and citric foods, drink through a straw, warm salty rinses, adjust denture, numbing gels mouthwashes

Question 4

what is the appearance of acute pseudomembranous candidiasis

Answer 4

white patches that can be wiped off to reveal bleeding bases, usually painless

Question 5

what is the treatment of acute pseudomembranous candidiasis

Answer 5

identify and address underlying cause diabetes, HIV, antibiotic use, smoker, improve oral hygiene, chlorhexidine mouth rinse, antifungals miconazole gel, nystatin rinse or fluconazole

Question 6

what is the appearance of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Answer 6

white patch on comissures, buccal mucosa or dorsum of tongue

Question 7

what is the treatment of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Answer 7

biopsy, check vitamin levels, stop smoking advice, 2-4 weeks oral fluconazole

Question 8

what is the appearance of acute erythematous/atrophic candidiasis

Answer 8

red shiny atrophic mucosa

Question 9

what is the cause of acute erythematous/atrophic candidiasis

Answer 9

chronic use of antibiotics/steriod inhalers, immunosuppression and xerostomia

Question 10

what is the treatment of acute erythematous/atrophic candidiasis

Answer 10

spacer device/rinse after inhaler and treat as oral thrush

Question 11

what is the appearance of chronic erythematous candidiasis

Answer 11

diffuse redness in the denture bearing area, asymptomatic

Question 12

what is the treatment of chronic erythematous candidiasis

Answer 12

remove dentures at night, clean and brush with warm soapy water, soak in sodium hypochlorite/chlorhexidine, miconazole gel, refer to GMP if suspect systemic cause

Question 13

what is the appearance of angular cheilitis

Answer 13

red cracked corners of the mouth

Question 14

what is the cause of angular cheilitis

Answer 14

trauma, immunosuppression, malabsorption, iron/b12 deficiency, broad spectrum antibiotics, candida infections, incorrect OVD

Question 15

what is the treatment of angular cheilitis

Answer 15

correct cause, topical miconazole