Oral Language Flashcards

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1
Q

Phonemic Awareness / Sound Awareness

A

the ability to hear, identify, and re-create individual sounds in spoken words

A student can hear that /b/ makes first sound in the word “blue”

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2
Q

Reading Comprehension

A

the ability to read a text and understand its meaning

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3
Q

Phoneme

A

the smallest individual sounds in a word

The word “bit” has three phonemes – b – i – t.

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4
Q

Morpheme

A

A group of sounds that makes sense when spoken or written and can’t be broken down into smaller parts. This includes the beginnings and ends of words.

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5
Q

Overgeneralization

A

when a language rule is used in a place where it shouldn’t be

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6
Q

Sentence Stems

A

Common sentence starters provided to students to use when generalizing, summarizing, or transitioning between ideas.

“According to the author…”

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7
Q

Syllable Awareness / Syllabication / Syllable Segmentation

A

the ability to hear individual parts/syllables of words

“Education” has four syllables “ed-u-ca-tion”

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8
Q

Oral Language Assessment

A

Listen to, study, and write down short bits of students’ spoken language to figure out what they need, what they’re good at, what interests them, and what they should do next to help them grow.

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9
Q

Phonetics

A

the sounds of human speech

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10
Q

Phonics / Graphophonemic Principle

A

Using how the symbols (letters and words) and sounds of a language work together to read and write.

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11
Q

Informal Language

A

language appropriate for texts and emails to friends

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12
Q

Language Experience Approach (LEA)

A

Uses personal stories and spoken language to help people learn to read and write. Materials are made by the students themselves.

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13
Q

Cognates

A

Words in two languages that share a similar meaning, spelling, and pronunciation.

family-familia; computer-computadora, and bicycle-bicicleta

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14
Q

Tone

A

The attitude of the author in writing, and which might be comical, serious, frightening, joyful. Sometimes called diction.

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15
Q

Formal Language

A

language appropriate for essays and written responses to literature

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16
Q

Syntax

A

There are rules for how words are put together to make statements, clauses, and sentences.

17
Q

Orthography

A

Spelling patterns of language

18
Q

Semantics

A

The study of word or symbol meaning.

“love” which has many different meanings in English

Literal vs figurative meaning of “Raining cats and dogs”

19
Q

Morphology

A

The study of forms of words, including affixes, roots, stems, and parts of speech.

The word “bicycles” is made up of three individual morphemes. The prefix bi-, the stem cycle, and the suffix -s.

20
Q

Pragmatics

A

The study of how language is used, not how it is put together. Also called “the right way to use language.”

21
Q

Oral Language

A

The system that relates sounds to meanings through communicating by word of mouth.

22
Q

Code-Switching

A

the ability to change the way you communicate depending on what is appropriate for the situation

students use “U” for you in text messages, but should use “you” in classwork

23
Q

Cultural Language Variations

A

Cultural differences in words are caused by things that happen in a student’s life.

24
Q

Growth Chart

A

a tool for assessing a students mastery of oral language skills

25
Q

Phonology

A

the way sounds in languages are put together in a planned way

26
Q

Reading Fluency

A

The ability to read at the right speed, with the right precision, and in the right tone

27
Q

Modeling

A

an instructional strategy in which the teacher demonstrates a concept or skill and students learn by observing

28
Q

Literature Circles

A

A method where a teacher puts students into small groups to talk about the same book.

29
Q

Vocabulary / Vocabulary Development

A

the ability to effectively know and use words in their listening, speaking, reading, and writing

30
Q

Language Acquisition

A

the process by which individuals learn a language

31
Q

Clarity / Word Choice

A

Use words or other ways of putting things together to make sure the message gets across.

32
Q

Dialect

A

form of a language particular to a specific region or community

33
Q

Active Listening

A

way of communication that focuses on mutual understanding to avoid confusion. It includes attending, listening, and responding.