Analysis and Identification Flashcards
Aspect
words that show if a statement is about a single action, a regular action, or a state or action that is getting worse or still going on
will have talked vs. will be talking
Sight Word
word that cannot be decoded because it doesn’t follow standard phonics rules and must be recognized by sight
Root
Base words to which prefixes, suffixes, and syllables can be added
Letter–Sound Correspondence
knowing what sound(s) each letter makes
Vowel Digraph
two vowels that make a single vowel sound when together in a word, also known as “vowel teams”
the “ai” in paint; the “ee” in need; the “oa” in boat
Compound Words
two complete words that have joined together to form one word with a new meaning
Denotative Meaning
a literal, dictionary meaning of a word
Prefix
A letter or letters at the beginning of a root word that changes its meaning
Closed Syllable
Syllable that ends in a consonant; vowel has its short sound
hot, help, dog, mistake
Diphthong
one vowel sound made by the combination of two vowel sounds
the “ou” in south; the “au” in taught; the “oy” in oyster
Context Clues / Contextual Analysis
using the words before and after an unknown word to determine its meaning
Suffix
A letter or letters at the end of a root word that changes its meaning
Bound Morpheme
type of morpheme that can appear only as part of a larger word
Prefixes such as pre-, dis-, in-, un-, and suffixes such as -ful, -ment, -ly, -ise are bound morphemes.
Affix
A letter or letters that change a root word’s meaning
Decoding
Reading aloud and reducing words down into simple forms. To understand a word, you must read each letter or pattern of letters.
Contextual Analysis
use of the text around a word to help figure out what it is.
Final Stable Syllable
A syllable ends with a sound and -le. A consonant + -le syllable next to an open syllable lengthens the vowel. A consonant + -le next to a closed syllable shortens the vowel.
Structural / Morphemic Analysis
using meaningful word parts (morphemes) to study a word and determine its meaning
Hyponyms
words that fall under a more general term
Hyponyms for clothes are sweater, pants, shirt, etc.
Derivational Affix
an affix that changes the root or base word into a new word
When the derivational affix, “ful” is added to the noun, beauty, the word “beautiful” forms, meaning full of beauty.
Determiner
words that tell us more about nouns; essential for making comments or questions that make sense.
a, an, the, this, that, my, your, some, many
Inflectional Affix
an affix that changes the form of the root or base word
The inflectional affix, “ed” changes a verb to the past tense.
Countable Nouns
nouns that have a quantity that can be determined using numbers
potatoes, clients, buildings
Connector
word that relates words, phrases, or clauses to each other
if, so that, therefore, however
Vowel-Consonant-E Syllable
The vowel-consonant-e syllable has a silent “e” and makes the vowel before it long; this syllable is usually found at the end of a word
name, mice, cake, compete
Free Morpheme / Unbound Morpheme
type of morpheme that can stand on its own or appear in a lexeme with other morphemes
R-Controlled Syllable
Syllable that contains a vowel followed by the letter r; the r controls the vowel and changes the way the vowel is pronounced
car, guitar, mother, and manor
Open Syllable
Syllable that ends in a vowel; the vowel has its long sound
vacant, brutal, agent
Uncountable Noun
nouns that do not have a quantity that can be determined using numbers
water, love, safety
Meronyms
words that are part of a more general term
Meronyms for pants are pockets, zipper, cuff, etc.
Homonyms
words that share the same spelling or pronunciation, but have different meanings
fly (insect/action of a bird or plane); park (open space in nature/stopping a car in a certain spot)
