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GO OVER THESE > Oral Histology > Flashcards

Oral Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Alveolar mucosa, epithelium of vestibules, epithelium of the gingival sulcus, and gingival junctional epithelium have what type of epithelium?

A

Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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2
Q

Which type of epithelium lies at the base of the gingival sulcus?

A

Junctional epithelium

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3
Q

What is the actual attachment of the soft tissue (gingiva) of the mouth to the tooth, located at the base of the crown of the tooth called?

A

Epithelial attachment

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4
Q

Attachment of the hard tissue (bone) to the tooth’s root structure is called?

A

Periodontal ligament

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5
Q

What is the innermost zone of the peripheral pulp?

A

Cell rich zone

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6
Q

Which peripheral layer is being described: dense rich nuclei, rich with undifferentiated cells that can replace odontoblasts

A

The innermost cell rich zone

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7
Q

What is the middle layer in the peripheral pulp?

A

Cell free zone of Weil

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8
Q

Which peripheral pulp layer is being described: few nuclei, rich in vasculature and nerve fibers

A

Cell free zone of Weil

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9
Q

What is the outermost layer of peripheral pulp?

A

Odontoblasts layer

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10
Q

What lies under the predentin layer in peripheral pulp?

A

Odontoblasts layer

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11
Q

Which peripheral pulp layer is being described: contains odontoblasts and cell processes responsible for dentin secretion

A

Odontoblasts layer (the outermost layer)

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12
Q

Is cementum vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular

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13
Q

Is enamel vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular

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14
Q

From bone to canal what are the layers of cells in a tooth?

A

Alveolar bone -> sharpeys fibers -> periodontal ligament -> sharpeys fibers -> cementum -> dentin -> root canal

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15
Q

Where is cellular cementum located? What cells does it contain?

A

In the apical 1/3 of the root

Contains cementocytes

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16
Q

Where is additional cementum deposited in order to compensate for occlusal wear over time?

A

Apical 1/3 of the root

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17
Q

How to cementoblasts becomes cementocytes? Where do cellular cementocytes reside?

A
  • cementoblasts excrete cementum matrix and gradually enclose themselves off as they mature into cementocytes
  • they reside within lacuna or cavity
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18
Q

Where is acellular cementum located? When is it formed?

A

Located in the cervical region

Formed during tooth development

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19
Q

Primary, secondary, or tertiary: Dentin formed after root formation and throughout life?

A

Secondary

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20
Q

Primary, secondary, or tertiary: dentin is laid down during tooth formation and ends when root development is complete

A

Primary dentin

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21
Q

Primary, secondary, or tertiary: dentin is laid in response to trauma or injury (primarily caries) and tends to be highly irregular

A

Tertiary dentin

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22
Q

Most of the oral cavity is what type of epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous

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23
Q

GI tract is mostly what type of epithelium?

A

Simple columnar (ciliated)

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24
Q

What lines the upper respiratory tract?

A

Ciliated columnar

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25
Q

The respiratory tract is mostly what type of epithelium? What is another name?

(Not upper respiratory tract)

A

Simple columnar (non-ciliated) also called pseudostratified columnar

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26
Q

How does laying down secondary dentin (which is formed after root formation is complete and the tooth is erupted and functional) affect the pulp cavity with age?

A

It reduces the size of the pulp cavity

27
Q

Which type of collagen is being described:

  • most common collagen
  • found in tendons, skin, dentin, pulp chamber, and parts of bones
  • provides resistance to tension
A

Type 1 collagen

28
Q

What secretes type 1 collagen?

A

Fibroblasts and specialized connective tissue cells (osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and odontoblasts)

29
Q

Which type of collagen is being described:

  • hyaline cartilage
  • found on joint surfaces, larynx, trachea, eyes, and bronchi
A

Type 2

30
Q

Which cells secrete type 2 collagen?

A

ONLY chondroblasts

31
Q

Which collagen is being described:

  • reticular collagen
  • acts as the supporting mesh in soft tissues like the liver, bone marrow, smooth muscles, arteries, and lymph organs
  • found in areas that may need to expand or contract in size
A

Type 3 collagen

32
Q

Which cells secrete type 3 collagen?

A

Fibroblasts and reticular cells

33
Q

Which collagen is being described:

- primarily compromises the structural network of the basal lamina of the skin

A

Type 4

34
Q

Which collagen type is found in dentin only?

A

Type 3

35
Q

Which collagen type is found in dentin and pulp?

A

Type 1

36
Q

Attached gingiva is made up of what type of epithelium?

A

Keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamous

37
Q

What is present in attached gingiva that creates a stipples appearance on the surface of the mucosa?

A

Long rete projections/pegs that go into underlying connective tissue

38
Q

How does parakeratinized epithelium differ from keratinized epithelium?

A

It’s surface layer cells still possess nuclei and are not completely enucleated

39
Q

Which cells are responsible for dentinogenesis (formation of dentin)?

A

Odontoblasts — which are cells that differentiate from the peripheral portion of the pulp

40
Q

Which oxygenated vessel is the largest to enter the pulp?

A

Arterioles

41
Q

Which deoxygenated vessel is the largest to enter the pulp?

A

Venules

42
Q

What are the structural proteins of enamel?

A

AMELOGENIN (90% of enamel), ameloblastin and enamelin

43
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

  • outermost layer
  • may be orthokeratinized or parakeratinized
  • not present in non-keratinized epithelium
A

Stratum corneum

44
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

  • thin layer of flattened cells
  • contains keratohyaline granules
  • not present in non-keratinized epithelium
A

Stratum granulosum

45
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

- replace granulosum in NONKERATINIZED epithelium

A

Stratum intermedium

46
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

- replace corneum in NONKERATINIZED epithelium

A

Stratum superficiale

47
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

  • thickest portion among all layers having polyhedral cells and some prominent desmosomal attachments
  • contain langerhan cells
A

Stratum spinosum

48
Q

Which layer of the oral mucosa is being described:

  • single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells with deeply basophilic nuclei
  • mitotically active cells
  • cells which mature and exfoliate
  • melanocytes and merkel cells
A

Stratum basale

49
Q

Which tonsils are being described:

  • Small masses of lymphoid tissue between the pillars of the fauces on either side of the oropharynx
  • lined with stratified squamous epithelium and serve as the first line of defense against bacteria that enters in the oral cavity
A

Palatine tonsils

50
Q

Which tonsils are being described:

  • adenoids, masses of lymphoid tissue on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx
  • lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
A

Pharyngeal tonsils

51
Q

Does enamel contain collagen? Is it vascular or avascular?

A

Does NOT contain collagen

- it is avascular

52
Q

Which type of dentin is being described:

  • layer of primary dentin closest to enamel, lacks phosphoryn and is less mineralized
  • always from primary dentin
A

Mantle dentin

53
Q

Which type of dentin is being described:

- located between the dentinal tubules of the tooth and forms the bulk of the dentinal matrix

A

Intertubular dentin

54
Q

Which dentin is being described:

- forms the walls of the dentinal tubules and is more highly mineralized than intertubular dentin

A

Peritubular dentin

55
Q

Which dentin is being described:

- hypomineralized dentin formed where specks of mineral picked up by collagen fibers have calcified, but failed to fuse

A

Interglobular dentin

56
Q

Dental pulp is classified as what type of tissue?

A

Loose connective aka areolar

- has irregular arranged collagen fibrils, elastic fibers, and abundant cells and ground substance

57
Q

What is the common inorganic mineral component of enamel, dentin, bone, and cementum?

A

Hydroxyapatite

58
Q

What is the percent composition of hydroxyapatite by weight in enamel? Dentin? Bone? Cementum?

A 
Enamel = 96%
Cementum = 70%
Bone = 67%
Cementum = 50%
59
Q

Collagenous connective tissue bundle generally composed of type 1 collagen and type 3 collagen fibers

A

Periodontal ligament

60
Q

Where are oxytalan fibers found?

A

PDL

- provide the microfibrillar property of elastic fibers

61
Q

Periodontal ligament has some of its collagen bundles embedded in both the alveolar bone and the cementum. What are these fibers called?

A

Sharpeys

62
Q

Which tissue is unique in that its a mineralized epithelial tissue?

A

Enamel

- mineralized means no collagen

63
Q

Where is the sublingual gland in relation to the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Above it

64
Q

As dental pulp ages, what shows a relative increase?

A

Amount of fibrous connective tissue

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