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Dental Materials > Oral Environment and Tissues > Flashcards

Oral Environment and Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is a direct restorative material? Give example.

A

Placed, formed, contoured and finished intraorally. Examples would be amalgam or dental composite.

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2
Q

What is an indirect restorative material? Give example.

A

Fabricated extraorally on casts. Examples would be crowns, inlays, onlays.

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3
Q

What is an auxiliary dental material? Give example.

A

Materials used to fabricate restorations. Dental stone, waxes.

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4
Q

What is a biomaterial?

A

Any material that interacts with biological systems.

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5
Q

What are the three specialized calcified tissues?

A

Enamel, dentin, and cementum.

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6
Q

What is the inorganic, organic and water content of enamel?

A

96% inorganic, 1% organic, and 3% water.

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7
Q

What is the main type of collagen in dentin and cementum? What us the substance that reinforces it?

A

Type I. Hydroxyapatite.

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8
Q

What are the cells responsible for forming enamel?

A

Ameloblasts. Deposition starts at DEJ and proceeds outward.

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9
Q

Describe the structure of enamel.

A

Arranged in hexagonal crystals about 40nm wide which are then packed into rods/prisms. 100 crystals needed to span diameter of prism. The crystals are coated with thin layer of protein or lipid.

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10
Q

What is the inter-rod enamel?

A

It is the interface of enamel prisms that contain organic components and allow water and ions to flow.

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11
Q

What is type I enamel etching?

A

The prism core is preferentially etched.

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12
Q

What is type II enamel etching?

A

The prism periphery is preferentially etched.

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13
Q

What type III enamel etching?

A

Etching of a uniform or mixed pattern

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14
Q

What does odontogenesis mean?

A

It is the development of teeth and their structure from embryonic tissues.

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15
Q

What cells are responsible for dentin formation?

A

Odontoblasts.

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16
Q

In tooth development what is the representation of the future DEJ?

A

The basement membrane. This is where the dentin and enamel will grow away from each other.

17
Q

Where is the location of odontoblasts in an adult?

A

Found on the outer wall of the pulp.

18
Q

Why are the dentin tubules formed?

A

This is where the odontoblasts have retreated from the DEJ. Will be more concentrated near the pulp.

19
Q

What are the contents of the dentin tubules?

A

Odontoblastic processes and fluid.

20
Q

What is the composition of dentin?

A

50% carbonate rich, calcium deficient apatite. 30% organic material (type I). 20% fluid.

21
Q

Why is dentin more susceptible to carries than the enamel?

A

Because it is has a much higher organic composition.

22
Q

What is peritubular or intratubular dentin?

A

What lines the lumen of dentin tubules and is highly mineralized of apatite crystals.

23
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary dentin?

A

Primary dentin is formed before tooth eruption and secondary is formed after tooth eruption.

24
Q

What is tertiary dentin and where is it found?

A

It is reparative dentin and is fond at outer pulpal wall.

25
Q

What is sclerotic dentin?

A

It is dentin that develops following trauma that is partially occluded with mineral. This can make it hard for restorations due to the clogging.

26
Q

Why is it important to keep the demineralized dentin moist during a restoration?

A

If the dentin is dried, than the dentin matrix shrinks and makes it difficult for the bonding agents to penetrate.

27
Q

Why do cracks in the enamel rarely continue into the dentin?

A

The complex fusion at the DEJ of coarse collagen bundles blunt and divert the cracks.

28
Q

Out line the process of the DEJ formation.

A

Before cells of inner enamel epithelium differentiate into proameloblasts and odontoblasts they are separated by a basement membrane. which will turn into the DEJ. When cells differentiate into preameloblasts, they signal outer cells to differentiate into odontoblasts and begin secreting dentin matrix. Then basement membrane disintegrates and proameloblasts differentiate into ameloblasts which secret enamel.

29
Q

What are enamel spindles?

A

The odontoblastic processes that are trapped when enamel formation begins.

Dental Materials (10 decks)

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