Implants and Tissue Engineering E2 Flashcards
Define endosseous, subperiosteal, and transosteal implants.
Endosseous- sit in bone. Subperiosteal- sit atop the bone, very rare. Transosteal- High failure rates. Transverse entire mandible.
What is the basal bone?
Bone underlying the alveolar process.
Define the difference between alveolar bone proper and supporting alveolar bone.
Alveolar bone proper is the compact bone that lines the tooth socket. Supporting alveolar bone is the compact and trabecular bone like cortical plates and central spongiosa.
What is one of the critical factors in maintaining bone density?
Loading via mastication.
What is the difference between osseointegration and biointegration?
osseointegration is the deposition of bone around the oxide layer in close apposition to implant surface. Biointegration is the direct apposition of bone to ceramic or titanium with no oxide layer.
What happens to the hole left after tooth extraction?
Hole fills with a clot and is converted to a highly cellular granulation tissue.
What is fibrous encapsulation?
Formation of fibrous soft tissue around implant. Bad for mechanical anchoring.
What causes fibrous encapsulation?
Can result from peri-implantitis or delay in osseointegration due to microbial infiltration.
What are some of the reported forces on implants?
1250 N.
What is the problem with ceramic implants?
They are very stiff and do not transfer strain to the bone resulting in resorption.
What does it mean for an implant if it has a high elastic modulus?
It will have a lower transfer of force to bone.
When is bone the weakest and strongest?
Weakest under shear force, and tensile force, strongest when compressed.
What is the benefit of adding texture or threads to an implant?
Adds for increased surface area for attachment and better transfer of load to bone.
Where does the most transfer of force take place on an implant?
Most of the force transfer happens at the upper part of the implant.
What is the most common material used fro dental implants?
Titanium.
