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Dental Materials > Oral Environment > Flashcards

Oral Environment Flashcards

1
Q

The hardest tissue is _____.

A

Enamel

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2
Q

Enamel covers the ______________

It contains no________ so enamel cannot ________.

A

Enamel covers the dentin in the crown of the tooth

It contains no living cells so enamel cannot repair itself from decay or wear

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3
Q

Dentin is ________ than enamel and contains _________ which can trigger ________ if exposed.

A

softer

tubules which can trigger sensitivity if exposed

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4
Q

Pulp is ________ at the ______ of teeth containing ______.

A

Soft tissue, center, nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue

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5
Q

Cementum is ___________ covering the ______ giving attachment to the ______.

A

Hard tissue, tooth root

PDL

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6
Q

What are the minerals found in teeth?

A

Calcium Phosphate

Ca2+ and PO₄³⁻

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7
Q

The phosphate in teeth is organic.

True or False

A

FALSE

INORGANIC PHOSPHATE ANIONS

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8
Q

Is calcium phosphate naturally occuring?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What is the specific calcium phosphate mineral found in our teeth?

A

Hydroxyapatite

Ca5(PO4)3-OH

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10
Q

What is the most mineralized tissue in the body?

What other characteristic does this give the tissue?

What is the composition?

A

Enamel; Hardest Tissue

96% - Inorganic Hydroxyapatite

2%- Organic enamelins for bonding

2%- Water

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11
Q

Enamel is ______ than bone.

A

Harder

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12
Q

Enamel minerals are composed into _________.

A

Hydroxyapetite rods that run 50% vertically and 20% in a cross pattern.

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13
Q

Enamel rods are _______ to the DEJ.

A

Perpendicular

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14
Q

Enamel is general is not ________. At the cusp tip, this feature is increased and creates _______ which are _______.

A

Straight

Gnarled enamel which is a twisted course of enamel rods

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15
Q

Why are enamel rods arranged the way they are?

A

Crack Propagation Resistance

Increases structural stability of enamel

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16
Q

Describe the Hardness Distribution of Enamel

A

Occlusal surface is the HARDEST and decreases as we approach the interior of the tooth

17
Q

What is demineralization?

A _____ph often causes this.

A

Net loss of minerals because of ion exchange

VERY low!

H+ will bind phosphates and release calcium , hydroxyapatite breaks down due to acidity.

18
Q

Demineralization occurs at pH ________.

Normal oral pH is ______.

A

4.5-5.5

6.8-7.4

19
Q

Etch is made of _________ and functions to ______________.

A

35-40% of phosphoric acid

Create porosity in dentin and enamel so that bonding can occur more efficiently of products such as resin composite or certain crown cements.

20
Q

What is the DEJ?

Is it mineralized?

A

The boundary between enamel and dentin that is highly mineralized.

Dentin-Enamel-Junction

21
Q

The DEJ is a ____________. This means mechanical properties changes as _________, taking upon properties of ________.

A

Transitional tissue

we travel from enamel to dentin, taking upon properties of whatever it is closest to

22
Q

Dentin is makes up the ________ portion of the tooth.

What is the composition?

It has ______ from ______ interior to _______.

A

Largest

50% inorganic hydroxyapatite
25% Organic Type I collagen
25% Water

Has tubules from pulp interior to enamel

23
Q

There is a theory that the fluid in ________ can shake _________ and cause _________.

A

dentinal tubules can shake nerves to cause sensitivity

24
Q

Dentinal tubule density increases from _________ to _________.

A

DEJ to pulp

Pulp is very concentrated; enamel not so much

25
Q

Some tubules do not reach the enamel.

True or False?

A

True

26
Q

Surrounding dentinal tubules is __________.

Filling the space between all the tubules is __________.

A

Peritubular Dentin

Intertubular Dentin

27
Q

The most abundant protein in the human body and part of the ECM is __________. Its role is to _______.

A

Type I collagen

Glue of connecting tissues

28
Q

Collagen is made from _______. It becomes ________ and then ________ which arrange into _______.

A

AA

Tropocollagen

Fibrils

Fibers

29
Q

Hierarchy of Dentin

A

Collagen Fiber

Collagen Fibrils surrounding tubule as peritubular dentin

Intertubular Dentin

Total Dentin structure

Minerals are in the fibers or surrounding the tubules

30
Q

Intertubular dentin is considered mineralized __________.

A

Collagen

31
Q

Peritubular dentin is very highly ________.

A

mineralized

There is very little collagen and mostly hydroxyapatite

32
Q

What is the Dentin Hydronamic Theory?

A

Dentin is porous

If we make an occlusal cut of dentin, we can see water from the tubules.

33
Q

Dentin porosity is even across the tooth.

True or False

A

False

34
Q

As we age, our dentin tubules __________.

A

Close up as minerals from intertubular dentin precipitate and fill up tubules.

35
Q

What can influence Dentin properties?

A

Drilling: Creates a smear layer

Acid Etching : Exposure of tubules

36
Q

What is a smear layer?

A

When drilling, particles generated will coat the surface of dentin and may infiltrate the tubules which can change the microstructure of tooth.

This is why we etch! To remove the smear layer

37
Q

Enamel contains more _______ than dentin.

A

Hydroxyapatite

Dental Materials (6 decks)

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