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Oral Biology 1 > Oral Environment 1 > Flashcards

Oral Environment 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the oral fluids?

A

saliva (from major and minor salivary glands)
gingival crevicular fluid
oral bacteria
food debris
epithelial cells

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2
Q

What are some food debris that can reduce caries?

A

cheese, milk, yoghurt

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3
Q

What bacteria is responsible for caries?

A

strep mutans

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4
Q

What are some of the PROTECTIVE functions of oral fluids?

A
  • Cleansing (removing things from the oral cavity)
  • Mucosal protection
  • Buffering
  • Remineralisation
  • Antimicrobial
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5
Q

What are some of the DIGESTIVE functions of oral fluids?

A
  • Taste
  • Digestive enzymes
  • Lubricates bolus (of food) for chewing/swallowing
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6
Q

What can occur as a consequence of reduced salivary flow?

A

increased incidence of dental caries

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7
Q

What is Xerostomia?

A

Dry mouth
- A prominent symptom for patients with salivary gland disease

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of lack of saliva/Xerostomia?

A

use of drugs/medication

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9
Q

What type of glands are salivary glands?

A

exocrine

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10
Q

What is the arrangement of salivary glands?

A

compound, tubulo-acinar arrangement

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11
Q

What are anatomically distinct and identifiable glands?

A

major glands

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12
Q

What are more diffuse collections of glandular tissue lying in the lamina propria?

A

minor glands

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13
Q

What are the 3 major salivary glands?

A
  • Parotid
  • Submandibular
  • Sublingual
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14
Q

What are the minor salivary glands?

A
  • Buccal (in cheek)
  • Labial (in lip)
  • Lingual (in tongue)
  • Palatal (in hard and soft palate)
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15
Q

What is an acinus?

A
  • A secretory unit
  • Acinus cells produce saliva - these are taken to intercalated duct which is then taken to striated duct - this modifies the saliva and then the saliva is collected into the collecting ducts
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16
Q

What do serous acinus glands appear as histologically?

A

stain darker and smoother, more clear. nuclei are polarised but not as much as mucous
pink

17
Q

What do mucous acinus glands appear as histologically?

A

have the nuclei near the edge and are very polarised. cytoplasm is foamy and frothy due to proteins therefore causing a pale, non-specified appearance.
blue

18
Q

What do mixed acinus glands appear as histologically?

A

have both qualities of serous and mucous

19
Q

What is gingival crevicular fluid?

A

fluid from the epithelium lining the gingival crevice

20
Q

What does little GCF mean?

A

healthy gingiva

21
Q

What does high GCF mean

A

inflammation

22
Q

When is salivary flow at its greatest?

A

while eating

23
Q

What type of secretions do the major salivary glands secrete?

A

parotid - serous
sublingual - mucous and little serous
submandibular - mixed

24
Q

What type of secretions do the minor salivary glands secrete?

A

buccal - mucous
labial - mucous
palatal - mucous
lingual - serous and mucous (non mixed)

25
Q

What is the average salivary flow volume?

A

500-700ml

26
Q

When is salivary flow at its greatest?

A

while eating

27
Q

What gland secretes nothing during sleeping?

A

parotid

28
Q

Which salivary gland is most active when sleeping?

A

submandibular

29
Q

What is the % composition of saliva?

A

99.5% water, 0.2% ions, 0.3% proteins

30
Q

What varies with flow rate?

A

salivary composition

31
Q

What has a greater concentration at higher flow rates?

A

bicarbonate

32
Q

What is the function of fluoride in saliva?

A

antibacterial,
forms fluorapatite
promotes remineralisation

33
Q

What is the function of calcium and phosphate?

A

remineralisation

34
Q

What is the function of thiocyanate in saliva?

A

antibacterial

35
Q

What is the function of bicarbonate and phosphates In saliva?

A

buffering

36
Q

Which salivary buffer has a limited effect as main buffering action occurs at pH below 5?

A

proteins

37
Q

Which salivary buffer has some role in buffering plaque acid?

A

bacterial ammonia (NH3)

38
Q

Which salivary buffer is important at rest?

A

phosphates

39
Q

From highest salivary flow to lowest, what is each taste stimuli?

A

sour > umami > salty > sweet > bitter

Oral Biology 1 (13 decks)

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