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Preeti: SAM II > Oral Diseases > Flashcards

Oral Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Incisive papilla (in dogs and cats)

and

Molar salivary glands (in cats)

should not be confused for a _________

A

tumor

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2
Q

The clinical sign that refers to a deficiency in

prehension, mastication, and/or swallowing is known as

A

Dysphagia

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3
Q

The incubation period for canine papillomavirus

is

A

1 - 2 months

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4
Q

What is your primary ddx for

a puppy with “cauliflower-like” growths on its

lips, muzzle, and gingiva

A

Canine Papillomavirus

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5
Q

How is canine oral papillomatosis treated in a puppy?

A

It’s not! Goes away on its own in 1 - 5 months

after its immunity strengthens

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6
Q

What is the breed predisposition for

Epulides- Odontogenic Neoplasm?

A

OLDER dogs

Shetland Sheepdogs, Old English Sheepdog

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7
Q

The most common benign tumor of the mouth in dogs.

Usually located in the gum tissue near the incisors or canine teeth.

It originates in the periodontal ligament

A

Epulides

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8
Q

Fibromatous and ossifying epulis

that are non-invasive and are solitary, pedunculated, and non-ulcerated

A

Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma

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9
Q

T/F:

Surgery is curative for Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma

A

TRUE

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10
Q

This is an invasive odontogenic neoplasm

that can be so bad as to cause bone destruction

A

Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma

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11
Q

How is Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma treated?

A

A LARGE resection including the bone to be curative!

May need recurrent treatment

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12
Q

What type of malignant oral neoplasm is most common in dogs?

A

Malignant Melanoma

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13
Q

What type of malignant oral neoplasm is most common in CATS?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

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14
Q

Ulcerated and erosive lesions in the mouth of a cat

is most likely to be

A

SCC

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15
Q

Firm and smooth malignancies in the mouth of a cat

is most likely to be this

A

Fibrosarcoma

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16
Q

What tests are required for the staging of oral malignant masses?

A

Regional LN cytology

CT of the lungs

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17
Q

This is a hypersensitivity reaction seen in the mouth of cats

presenting with granulomas on the lips or chin, and/or

indolent ulcers in the mouth

A

Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (Rodent Ulcer)

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18
Q

What are 3 potential etiologies of

Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (Rodent Ulcer)?

A

Fleas/insects

Environment

Diet

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19
Q

How is Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (Rodent Ulcer) diagnosed?

A

Impression smear and biopsy

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20
Q

How is Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (Rodent Ulcer) treated?

A

Food trial

Steroid (Prednisolone for cats)

Flea control

Pain management

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21
Q

What is the prognosis for Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (Rodent Ulcer)?

A

GOOD but recurrence is common

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22
Q

This condition is caused by an abnormal immune response to plaque

resulting in severe chronic inflammation of gingiva and oral

mucosa

A

Gingivostomatitis

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23
Q

T/F:

Dogs are more likely to be afflicted with Gingivostomatitis

A

FALSE!

CATS are more likely to have Gingivostomatitis

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24
Q

A cat with Gingivostomatitis must be tested for

____ and ___ because the two conditions are associated

A

FIV/FeLV

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25
Q

How is Gingivostomatitis diagnosed?

A

Gingival biopsy

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26
Q

How is Gingivostomatitis treated?

A

Oral hygiene

Prednisolone

or FULL MOUTH teeth extractions!

27
Q

A voice change in a meow or bark is

a specific clinical sign for ______ disease

A

pharyngeal

28
Q

Painful swallowing is known as

A

odynophagia

29
Q

Blood-stained ptyalism is a common clinical sign

in ______ disease

A

pharyngeal

30
Q

In an animal with suspected pharyngeal disease,

what is the best thing you can do in a physical exam?

A

Watch the patient eat or drink

31
Q

Infection of the tonsils are associated with

upper respiratory infectious organisms.

Give 3 examples

A

Feline herpesvirus

Feline calicivirus

Canine distemper

32
Q

The 3 most common types of tonsilar neoplasias are

A

SCC

Fibrosarcoma

Melanoma

33
Q

A CAT presents with difficulty swallowing and

nasal discharge. When breathing, there is a snoring sound. You open its mouth and see lumps in the back of its throat.

What is your primary ddx?

A

Nasopharyngeal polyps

34
Q

What is the etiology of nasopharyngeal polyps in cats?

A

Inflammatory response, possibly to a virus, that arises from the

middle ear and penetrates into the nasopharynx or eardrum

35
Q

How are nasopharyngeal polyps in cats treated

and what is the prognosis?

A

GENTLE TRACTION removal

or

Ventral Bullae Osteotomy

Prognosis is excellent with removal

36
Q

What is the most common salivary gland disease in dogs?

A

Sialocele

37
Q

An accumulation of saliva in submucosal or SQ tissues

due to trauma or inflammation

is known as

A

Sialocele

38
Q

What is the most common location to see a Sialocele?

A

CERVICAL

39
Q

A dog presents with a soft, flocculent swelling in

the mandible area. Straw colored, viscous, non-odorous fluid is

seen upon aspiration of the mass. Histo shows no bacteria in the

fluid. What is your primary ddx?

A

Sialocele

40
Q

How is Sialocele treated

and what is the prognosis?

A

Surgical removal WITH BIOPSY

prognosis is excellent!

41
Q

Inflammation of the salivary gland

due to trauma or systemic infection

A

Sialadenitis

42
Q

T/F:

Secondary infection is common with Sialoadenosis

A

FALSE!

Secondary infection is common with Sialadenitis

Sialoadenosis is non-infectious

43
Q

The most likely cause of Sialoadenosis is
________ in nature

A

neurogenic

44
Q

A cat presents with

bilateral mandibular salivary gland enlargement

and is drooling, retching, gulping, and gagging.

Owner says it has vomited a couple times.

The glands are painful on palpation.

What is your primary ddx?

A

Sialoadenosis

45
Q

How is Sialoadenosis treated?

A

Because the etiology is likely neurogenic, tx with

Phenobarbital

46
Q

A dog that loves playing outside and chewing on sticks

presents with draining tracts and abscesses in the throat.

It has bloody saliva and is head shy.

What is your primary ddx and what test can you use to confirm?

A

Pharyngeal trauma caused by retained splinters from chewing on a stick.
Radiographs to ID and confirm foreign material

47
Q

These type of pharyngeal trauma cases have

better prognostic outcomes

A

ACUTE cases

48
Q

What are the 3 phases of swallowing in order?

A

Oral

Pharyngeal

Esophageal

49
Q

Which cranial nerves are responsible for the

oral phase of swallowing?

A

5, 7, 12

50
Q

Which cranial nerves are responsible for the

pharyngeal phase of swallowing?

A

9, 11

51
Q

Which cranial nerves are responsible for the

esophageal phase of swallowing?

A

9, 10, SNS

52
Q

In which phase of swallowing is breathing inhibited and

the upper esophageal sphincter opened?

A

Pharyngeal phase

53
Q

Repeated attempts to swallow is a clinical sign

associated with this phase of swallowing

A

Pharyngeal

54
Q

Expelling food after eating or sometime later

is a clinical sign associated with this phase of swallowing

A

esophageal

55
Q

If an animal has dysphagia (difficulty swallowing),

which reflex should be tested?

A

Gag reflex

56
Q

In order to diagnose dysphagia, what should

be tested as a minimum database?

A

CBC, Chem, UA, Thyroid

57
Q

If dysphagia is a clinical sign, where would you recommend

taking radiographs?

A

Cervical neck and thorax

58
Q

Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia

is a rare genetic disorder in dogs.

Which breeds are predisposed?

A

Cocker spaniels

Springer spaniels

59
Q

Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia can be

acquired in adult animals with

_____ disorders

A

neuromuscular

60
Q

The cricopharyngeal muscle is involved in swallowing.

In Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia,

this muscle is unable to _______ resulting in the inability to swallow

A

relax

61
Q

Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia prevents

propulsion of the food bolus from the

__________ to the __________

A

caudal pharynx to the esophagus

62
Q

A cocker spaniel presents with

repeated attempts to swallow followed by gag and regurgitation.
fluoroscopy shows barium retained in the posterior pharynx.

What is your primary ddx?

A

Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia

63
Q

How is Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia

treated? What is the success rate for treatment?

A

SURGERY!

Either Cricopharyngeal Myotomy or

Cricopharyngeal and Thyropharyngeal Myectomy

65% success rate

64
Q

What complication are you worried about in

surgical treatment of Cricopharyngeal Achalasia/Dysphagia?

A

Aspiration pneumonia

Preeti: SAM II (6 decks)

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