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Anatomy Test Block II > Oral Cavity Larynx and Pharynx > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Larynx and Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the oral cavity?

A

roof: palate
floor: mylohyoid
anterior: lips
posterior: pharynx
lateral: buccal region

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2
Q

What is a cosmetically important way to hide scarring?

A

try and place incisions within natural lines of the face like the nasolabial groove

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3
Q

What 2 structures outline the palatine tonsils?

A

anteriorly: palatoglossal muscle/fold
posteriorly: palatopharyngeal muscle/fold

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4
Q

Name the different gingiva

A

buccal: part against cheek
labial: behind lips
lingual: on the inside where tongue is

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5
Q

What are the names of the teeth that aren’t molars?

A

central incisors; lateral incisors; canines

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6
Q

What a. and n. come through the incisive foramen?

A

sphenopalatine a. and nasopalatine n.

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7
Q

What bone fails to fuse in the roof of the mouth in a celft palate?

A

maxillary bone

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8
Q

What n. and a. travel through the palatine foramen?

A

greater and lesser palatine nerve and artery

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9
Q

What nerve and artery supply the hard palate?

A

greater palatine nerve and artery

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10
Q

What nerve and artery supply the soft palate?

A

the lesser palatine nerve and artery

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11
Q

the greater and lesser palatine nerve are both branches of what?

A

V2 (sensation of maxilla)

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12
Q

The palatine arteries are branches of what?

A

maxillary a. (it supplies lingual surface and maxillary teeth as well as buccal surface and lower teeth)

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13
Q

Within the orbit, where does V2 come out?

A

inferior orbital fissure

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14
Q

What are the greater and lesser palatine nerves carrying?

A

SA (b/c branch of V2)

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15
Q

What ganglion is coming off of V2?

A

ptyergopalatine ganglion

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16
Q

What nerves descend off of the ptyergopalatine ganglion?

A

descending palatine nerves that turn into greater and lesser palatines

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17
Q

What is the route of the nasopalatine nerve and what is it a branch of?

A

a branch of V2; comes down through the incisive canal to supply the lingual surface of the maxillary incisors

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18
Q

What hole does the dentist try to hit for anesthesia when working on the incisors?

A

incisive canal (nasopalatine n.)

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19
Q

What artery supplies most of the nasal cavity?

A

sphenopalatine artery

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20
Q

sphenopalatine artery is a branch of what artery?

A

maxillary

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21
Q

sphenopalatine artery travels through what fissure to supply the nasal cavity?

A

pterygopalatine fissure

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22
Q

What is the tongue muscle proper?

A

genioglossus (the 1 intrinsic muscle of the tongue)

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23
Q

What duct opens up at the base of the frenulum causing you to gleak?

A

submandibular duct

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24
Q

Pain from maxillary sinusitis would be caused by branches of which nerve?

A

V2

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25
Q

What nerve innervates ALL muscles of the tongue (genio or glossus in the name), minus one.

A

CN XII hypoglossal

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26
Q

What is the only muscle of the tongue that is not innervated by CN XII?

A

palatoglossus

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27
Q

What nerve innervate palatoglossus?

A

Vagus

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28
Q

What is the only intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

A

genioglossus

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29
Q

What is the organ of articulation?

A

tongue

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30
Q

What structure divides the tongue into the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3?

A

sulcus teminalis

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31
Q

Which papillae lie directly in front of the sulcus terminalis?

A

vallate/circumvallate

have taste buds in their tranches; very large

32
Q

What are the papillae that lie at the tip of the tongue and are not responsible for taste?

A

filiform - responsible for TOUCH

33
Q

fungiform papillae

A

button/mushroom shaped coated w/ taste buds; not dense

34
Q

foliate papillae

A

poor in humans, taste buds (side of tongue)

35
Q

What is the most common type of papillae?

A

filiform

36
Q

where did the thyroid start embryologically?

A

foramen cecum

37
Q

What nerve provides taste to the base of the tongue?

A

vagus

38
Q

what nerve give motor to palatoglossus?

A

vagus

39
Q

What nerve gives taste and touch to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

glossopharyngeal

40
Q

What nerve gives taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

facial (through chorda tympani)

41
Q

What nerve is sensory for touch to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Trigeminal (lingual n.)

42
Q

Motor innervation to all intrinsic and extrinsic muscle ?

A

hypoglossal (except palatoglossus)

43
Q

lingual a. is a branch of what?

A

external carotid

44
Q

If running w/ pencil in mouth and fall and the floor of the mouth is penetrated, what major structures are at risk of injury?

A

submandibular duct; lingual nerve; hypoglossal nerve; and lingual artery

45
Q

sialoadenitis

A

infection or inflammation of the salivary glands

46
Q

Why are sublingual drungs beneficial?

A

they enter the venous system without going through the liver first.

47
Q

lingual nerve facts

A
  • mandibular branch
  • transmits parasympathetic and taste fibers from chorda tympani
  • associated w/ submandibular ganglion
  • transmits SA from ant. 2/3
48
Q

If you have a lesion on the hypoglossal nerve, which way will the tongue deviate?

A

toward the side of the lesion

49
Q

If there is a lesion effecting the uvula, which way will the uvula deviate?

A

away from the side of the lesion

50
Q

What is the position of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

lateral to carotid - crosses at its bifurcation

51
Q

which tonsils become adenoids when inflammed?

A

pharyngeal tonsils (decrease in size and go away)

52
Q

what is the position of the pharyngeal tonsils?

A

sit above the soft palate

53
Q

What fascia surrounds the esophagus and trachea?

A

buccopharyngeal fascia

54
Q

retropharyngeal space

A

potential space b/w the buccopharyngeal fascia and the pre vertebral fascia

if bacteria gets into it, can enter the chest cavity causing ludwigs angina

55
Q

What artery is important to control in a tonsilectomy to prevent bleeding?

A

tonsillar branch of facial artery

56
Q

What is the sensory ganglion of the vagus nerve?

A

nodos ganglion

57
Q

nodos ganglion

A

90% of axons of vagus nerve are sensory so axons in nodos gangion (no synapses) - so all regulatory mechanisms from heart lungs brain gi are in it

58
Q

What nerves are involved in the gag reflex?

A

afferent CN IX motor CN X

59
Q

constrictor muscles

A

very thin muscles that act as a funnel of SE - we control swallowing until it reaches the epiglottis and autonomics take over

60
Q

Attachments of the constrictor muscles

A

superior: pterygomandibular raphe
middle: hyoid bone
inferior: thyroid cartilage

61
Q

strep

A

streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis

62
Q

what is the tell tale sign of diptheria?

A

grey membrane

63
Q

what is the distinguising symptom that strep lacks?

A

cough; viral infection usually has cough and is viral 90% of the time

64
Q

common s/s of strep

A

metallic smell to breath, putstules, <3% untreated get rheumatic fever

if you’re going to treat for strep, don’t test. if you’re not going to treat, test.

65
Q

what cartilage contains the larynx?

A

thyroid cartilage

66
Q

what is anatomically significant about the arytenoid cartilage?

A

they have vocalis ligament coming off which forms the bases of the vocal cord

67
Q

what space do pills or food sometimes get stuck?

A

pyriform recess - outside larynx, inthe laryngeal pharynx lateral to the aryepiglottic fold next to cricoid

68
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

cricothyroid, lateral cricoarytenoid, aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid, oblique aryetenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid

69
Q

which is the only muscle of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx that ABducts the vocal folds?

A

posterior cricoarytenoid - all other adduct

70
Q

what innervates the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

recurrent laryngeal n. of CN X

71
Q

what gives sensation innervation above the vocal folds?

A

internal branch of superior laryngeal (Vagus)

72
Q

describe the course of the superior laryngeal artery

A

the superior thyroid a. gives rise to the superior laryngeal a which pierces the thyrohyoid membrane

73
Q

what nerve runs with the superior laryngeal artery to supply the larynx?

A

internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

74
Q

what gives motor innrevation to the vocal folds and sensation beneath the vocal folds?

A

recurrent laryngeal

75
Q

When you swallow something and it goes down wrong, the pain and reflex from that is caused by what nerve?

A

internal branch of superior laryngeal

76
Q

what are the deep muscles/prevertbral muscles and what do they do?

A

longus capiis and longus coli - help flex the c spine and turn head to side

77
Q

what are the attachments of the longus capitis and longus coli?

A

longus capitis: base of skull

longus coli: cervical vert. to cerical vert.

Anatomy Test Block II (7 decks)

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