Oral Cavity Larynx and Pharynx

Question 1

What are the borders of the oral cavity?

Answer 1

roof: palate
floor: mylohyoid
anterior: lips
posterior: pharynx
lateral: buccal region

Question 2

What is a cosmetically important way to hide scarring?

Answer 2

try and place incisions within natural lines of the face like the nasolabial groove

Question 3

What 2 structures outline the palatine tonsils?

Answer 3

anteriorly: palatoglossal muscle/fold
posteriorly: palatopharyngeal muscle/fold

Question 4

Name the different gingiva

Answer 4

buccal: part against cheek
labial: behind lips
lingual: on the inside where tongue is

Question 5

What are the names of the teeth that aren’t molars?

Answer 5

central incisors; lateral incisors; canines

Question 6

What a. and n. come through the incisive foramen?

Answer 6

sphenopalatine a. and nasopalatine n.

Question 7

What bone fails to fuse in the roof of the mouth in a celft palate?

Answer 7

maxillary bone

Question 8

What n. and a. travel through the palatine foramen?

Answer 8

greater and lesser palatine nerve and artery

Question 9

What nerve and artery supply the hard palate?

Answer 9

greater palatine nerve and artery

Question 10

What nerve and artery supply the soft palate?

Answer 10

the lesser palatine nerve and artery

Question 11

the greater and lesser palatine nerve are both branches of what?

Answer 11

V2 (sensation of maxilla)

Question 12

The palatine arteries are branches of what?

Answer 12

maxillary a. (it supplies lingual surface and maxillary teeth as well as buccal surface and lower teeth)

Question 13

Within the orbit, where does V2 come out?

Answer 13

inferior orbital fissure

Question 14

What are the greater and lesser palatine nerves carrying?

Answer 14

SA (b/c branch of V2)

Question 15

What ganglion is coming off of V2?

Answer 15

ptyergopalatine ganglion

Question 16

What nerves descend off of the ptyergopalatine ganglion?

Answer 16

descending palatine nerves that turn into greater and lesser palatines

Question 17

What is the route of the nasopalatine nerve and what is it a branch of?

Answer 17

a branch of V2; comes down through the incisive canal to supply the lingual surface of the maxillary incisors

Question 18

What hole does the dentist try to hit for anesthesia when working on the incisors?

Answer 18

incisive canal (nasopalatine n.)

Question 19

What artery supplies most of the nasal cavity?

Answer 19

sphenopalatine artery

Question 20

sphenopalatine artery is a branch of what artery?

Answer 20

maxillary

Question 21

sphenopalatine artery travels through what fissure to supply the nasal cavity?

Answer 21

pterygopalatine fissure

Question 22

What is the tongue muscle proper?

Answer 22

genioglossus (the 1 intrinsic muscle of the tongue)

Question 23

What duct opens up at the base of the frenulum causing you to gleak?

Answer 23

submandibular duct

Question 24

Pain from maxillary sinusitis would be caused by branches of which nerve?

Answer 24

V2

Question 25

What nerve innervates ALL muscles of the tongue (genio or glossus in the name), minus one.

Answer 25

CN XII hypoglossal

Question 26

What is the only muscle of the tongue that is not innervated by CN XII?

Answer 26

palatoglossus

Question 27

What nerve innervate palatoglossus?

Answer 27

Vagus

Question 28

What is the only intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

Answer 28

genioglossus

Question 29

What is the organ of articulation?

Answer 29

tongue

Question 30

What structure divides the tongue into the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3?

Answer 30

sulcus teminalis

Question 31

Which papillae lie directly in front of the sulcus terminalis?

Answer 31

vallate/circumvallate have taste buds in their tranches; very large

Question 32

What are the papillae that lie at the tip of the tongue and are not responsible for taste?

Answer 32

filiform - responsible for TOUCH

Question 33

fungiform papillae

Answer 33

button/mushroom shaped coated w/ taste buds; not dense

Question 34

foliate papillae

Answer 34

poor in humans, taste buds (side of tongue)

Question 35

What is the most common type of papillae?

Answer 35

filiform

Question 36

where did the thyroid start embryologically?

Answer 36

foramen cecum

Question 37

What nerve provides taste to the base of the tongue?

Answer 37

vagus

Question 38

what nerve give motor to palatoglossus?

Answer 38

vagus

Question 39

What nerve gives taste and touch to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 39

glossopharyngeal

Question 40

What nerve gives taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 40

facial (through chorda tympani)

Question 41

What nerve is sensory for touch to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 41

Trigeminal (lingual n.)

Question 42

Motor innervation to all intrinsic and extrinsic muscle ?

Answer 42

hypoglossal (except palatoglossus)

Question 43

lingual a. is a branch of what?

Answer 43

external carotid

Question 44

If running w/ pencil in mouth and fall and the floor of the mouth is penetrated, what major structures are at risk of injury?

Answer 44

submandibular duct; lingual nerve; hypoglossal nerve; and lingual artery

Question 45

sialoadenitis

Answer 45

infection or inflammation of the salivary glands

Question 46

Why are sublingual drungs beneficial?

Answer 46

they enter the venous system without going through the liver first.

Question 47

lingual nerve facts

Answer 47

- mandibular branch - transmits parasympathetic and taste fibers from chorda tympani - associated w/ submandibular ganglion - transmits SA from ant. 2/3

Question 48

If you have a lesion on the hypoglossal nerve, which way will the tongue deviate?

Answer 48

toward the side of the lesion

Question 49

If there is a lesion effecting the uvula, which way will the uvula deviate?

Answer 49

away from the side of the lesion

Question 50

What is the position of the hypoglossal nerve?

Answer 50

lateral to carotid - crosses at its bifurcation

Question 51

which tonsils become adenoids when inflammed?

Answer 51

pharyngeal tonsils (decrease in size and go away)

Question 52

what is the position of the pharyngeal tonsils?

Answer 52

sit above the soft palate

Question 53

What fascia surrounds the esophagus and trachea?

Answer 53

buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 54

retropharyngeal space

Answer 54

potential space b/w the buccopharyngeal fascia and the pre vertebral fascia if bacteria gets into it, can enter the chest cavity causing ludwigs angina

Question 55

What artery is important to control in a tonsilectomy to prevent bleeding?

Answer 55

tonsillar branch of facial artery

Question 56

What is the sensory ganglion of the vagus nerve?

Answer 56

nodos ganglion

Question 57

nodos ganglion

Answer 57

90% of axons of vagus nerve are sensory so axons in nodos gangion (no synapses) - so all regulatory mechanisms from heart lungs brain gi are in it

Question 58

What nerves are involved in the gag reflex?

Answer 58

afferent CN IX motor CN X

Question 59

constrictor muscles

Answer 59

very thin muscles that act as a funnel of SE - we control swallowing until it reaches the epiglottis and autonomics take over

Question 60

Attachments of the constrictor muscles

Answer 60

superior: pterygomandibular raphe middle: hyoid bone inferior: thyroid cartilage

Question 61

strep

Answer 61

streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis

Question 62

what is the tell tale sign of diptheria?

Answer 62

grey membrane

Question 63

what is the distinguising symptom that strep lacks?

Answer 63

cough; viral infection usually has cough and is viral 90% of the time

Question 64

common s/s of strep

Answer 64

metallic smell to breath, putstules, <3% untreated get rheumatic fever if you're going to treat for strep, don't test. if you're not going to treat, test.

Question 65

what cartilage contains the larynx?

Answer 65

thyroid cartilage

Question 66

what is anatomically significant about the arytenoid cartilage?

Answer 66

they have vocalis ligament coming off which forms the bases of the vocal cord

Question 67

what space do pills or food sometimes get stuck?

Answer 67

pyriform recess - outside larynx, inthe laryngeal pharynx lateral to the aryepiglottic fold next to cricoid

Question 68

what are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Answer 68

cricothyroid, lateral cricoarytenoid, aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid, oblique aryetenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 69

which is the only muscle of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx that ABducts the vocal folds?

Answer 69

posterior cricoarytenoid - all other adduct

Question 70

what innervates the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

Answer 70

recurrent laryngeal n. of CN X

Question 71

what gives sensation innervation above the vocal folds?

Answer 71

internal branch of superior laryngeal (Vagus)

Question 72

describe the course of the superior laryngeal artery

Answer 72

the superior thyroid a. gives rise to the superior laryngeal a which pierces the thyrohyoid membrane

Question 73

what nerve runs with the superior laryngeal artery to supply the larynx?

Answer 73

internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Question 74

what gives motor innrevation to the vocal folds and sensation beneath the vocal folds?

Answer 74

recurrent laryngeal

Question 75

When you swallow something and it goes down wrong, the pain and reflex from that is caused by what nerve?

Answer 75

internal branch of superior laryngeal

Question 76

what are the deep muscles/prevertbral muscles and what do they do?

Answer 76

longus capiis and longus coli - help flex the c spine and turn head to side

Question 77

what are the attachments of the longus capitis and longus coli?

Answer 77

longus capitis: base of skull | longus coli: cervical vert. to cerical vert.