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Anatomy Test Block II > Forearm, wrist, hand > Flashcards

Forearm, wrist, hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you find the radial pulse?

A

immediately lateral to flexor carpi radialis

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2
Q

Which carpal bone takes the most of the weight?

A

scaphoid

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3
Q

Which carpal bone is palpable on medial side of hand?

A

pisiform

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4
Q

how do the palmar arch arerties arise?

A

superficial and deep branches of radial and ulnar a. join in the palm

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5
Q

superficial and deep arches give off what?

A

metacarpal branches which give off digital branches

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6
Q

Pull aside what muscle to find the radial n. ?

A

brachioradialis

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7
Q

describe the structures w/i the cubital fossa

A

brachial a. splits into radial and ulnar. ulnar dives deep. median n. runs right next to a.

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8
Q

Each finger has how many arteries supplying it?

A

4.

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9
Q

What test is done before drawing ABG from the radial a.?

A

allen’s test

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10
Q

allen’s test

A

testing that palmar arches are in tact; compress radial a and ulnar artery and make sure both side pink back up seperately

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11
Q

What are the 3 extensors?

A

ECU: extend and ulnar deviate hand

ECRB ECRL:extend and radially deviate

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12
Q

What are the 3 long tendon of the thumb?

A

EPL; EPB; APL

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13
Q

radial n. comes out of what muscle of the forearm?

A

supinator. pulls radius over

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14
Q

synovial cyst/ganglion

A

cyst of tendon sheath; usually on dorsum of hand; can’t drain b/c not really fluid.

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15
Q

What nerve is very superficial in the hand that you need to by mindful of in lacerations?

A

radial n.

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16
Q

What are the 4 things you check for in a laceration ?

A
  1. ROM
  2. strenght
  3. sensation
  4. blood supply
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17
Q

What nerves go over and under the flexor retinaculum?

A

ulnar n. is superficial to it. median n goes under it

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18
Q

What is the only flexor of the elbow that is innervated by the radial n. ?

A

brachioradialis (radial inn all extensors)

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19
Q

What n. inn. the 3 muscles of the thenar eminence?

A

median recurrent n. (very superficial)

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20
Q

What are the tendons that make up the anatomical snuff box?

A

abductor pollicis longus; extensor pollicis brevis; extensor pollicus longus

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21
Q

What artery is w/i the anatomical snuff box?

A

deep branch of radial a.

22
Q

lumbricles

A

arise from profundous tendons and insert onto extensor expansion

23
Q

lumbricle action

A

flex MP, extend PIP DIP (wave bye)

24
Q

lumbricle inn.

A

2 are inn by median n and 2 inn by ulnar n

25
Q

all interossei are inn by?

A

ulnar n.

26
Q

interossei actions

A

PAD - palmar adduct

DAB - dorasal abduct

27
Q

What is significant about the first dorsal interossei?

A

first to show signs of wasting in neuromuscular disease (or in ulnar n. damage)
along w/ thenar eminence

28
Q

What is the one muscle that has an action on the thumb that is not inn by the median n.?

A

adductor pollicis - inn by ulnar n

29
Q

if the radial n is injured at the axilla what would be the result?

A

extension at elbow and wrist would be effected

30
Q

if there was a lesion to the radial n at the elbow, what would be the result?

A

no extesion of the wrist but elbow would be fine

31
Q

if there is a lesion on the median n at the wrist, what would restul?

A

it would effect thenar eminence and 2 lumbricles (not the muscle bellys up higher)

32
Q

dupuytren contracture

A

palmar aponeurosis begins to sclerose down and tightens so digits get pulled down (usually 3rd and 4th finger). have to excise palmar aponeurosis to fix

33
Q

Duputyren’s contracture is commonly associated with what other disease?

A

peyronie’s disease: same thing on penis

34
Q

mallet finger

A

fx of the extensor tendon (expansion) on distal phalynx so get unopposed action of the extensors and draw finger downward

35
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of the median n due to inflammation in the tunnel;

36
Q

what are the 2 tests for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

tinnels: tap on median n w wrist extended - will hurt into 3 fingers
phalen’s: put pressure on compartment by placing dorsums of each hand against eachother - will get humbness

37
Q

cubital tunnel syndrome

A

aka ulnar compartment syndrome; ulnar n. is compressed could be due to pitchers or carpenters - will effect the pinky and 1/2 of ring finger. get claw hand

38
Q

Colles fx

A

aka dinner fork fx; falling onto outstretched hand/forearm- usually just radius is fx b/c takes blunt of weight

39
Q

smith fx

A

reverse collets fx; garden spade; falling backwards on outstretched hand;

40
Q

spiral fx

A

produced by twisting and indicates child abuse until proven otherwise

41
Q

wrist drop

A

radial n. injruy; saturday night palsy

42
Q

greenstick fx

A

only seen in children; only 1 side of bone is broken

43
Q

what results w/ compartment syndrome

A

cut off blood and nerve supply so paresthysias, swelling, cold extremety, delayed cap refill, poor pulse. have to open up (fasciotomy)

44
Q

de Quervain’s tenosynovitis

A

aka blackberry thumb; tendonitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis (snuff box tendons); usualy due to repetitive use of thumb like skiing

45
Q

what test is used to diagnose de Quervian’s?

A

finklestein’s test; flex thumb, wrap fingers around it and radially deviate

46
Q

Skier’s thumb

Gamekeepers thumb

A 
skier's = acute
gamekeepers = chronic

damage of ulnar collateral ligament at the MP joint of thumb - send to hand surgeoun

47
Q

scaphoid fx is commonly accompanied by what?

A

avascular necrosis

48
Q

scaphoid fx

A

scaphoid recieves blood supply from only distal end of radial a. so can lose blood supply; it sits at bottome of snuff box so always check for tenderness

49
Q

abrasion injury

A

skin knee - exposed at dermis

50
Q

avulsion injury

A

crush injury

51
Q

boxer’s fx

A

usually 4th or 5th digit from punching a wall

Anatomy Test Block II (7 decks)

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