Oral Cavity and Salivary Glands Flashcards
Pathology of dental caries
focal demineralization of tooth by acidic metabolites of sugars produced by bacteria
Main cause of tooth loss before age 35
dental caries
Possible sxs of dental caries
pain, weight loss/nutrition problems, loss of self confidence, life-threatening infections
Causes of dental caries
poor oral hygiene, food with large amounts of carbs
What is gingivitis?
inflammation of oral mucosa surrounding the teeth due to poor oral hygiene, leading to the build up of plaque and calculus
What age group is gingivitis most common in?
adolescents
What is periodontitis?
Inflammatory process that affects structures of teeth, alveolar bone, and cementum
Oral bacteria associated with periodontitis
G- anaerobic microaerophilic
A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia
Systemic diseases associated with periodontitis
AIDS/HIV, leukemia, Crohn disease, diabetes, Down syndrome, sarcoidosis, defects in neutrophil
Inflammatory process
local reaction that shows up by swelling, heat, pain, and redness often due to infection, foreign body, immune rxns, tissue necrosis
Reactive process
showing a response to a stimulus such as hypoxia, chemical agents or drugs, infectious agents, immunologic reactions, genetic abnormalities, etc.
Aphthous ulcer
painful, superficial oral mucosal ulceration of unknown etiology
Aphthous ulcers are associated with what immunologic disorders?
Celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, Behcet disease
How quickly do aphthous ulcers resolve?
7 to 10 days
Traumatic fibroma description
submucosal nodular mass of fibrous CT stroma
Location of traumatic fibromas
bucal mucosa/bite line
Treatment of traumatic fibroma
surgical excision
Pyogenic granuloma description
inflammatory lesion on gingiva of children, young adults, and pregnant women
Morphology of pyogenic granuloma
ulcerated, red to purple; highly vascular proliferation
Peripheral ossifying fibroma description
gingival growth that may arise from a pyogenic granuloma or de novo from cells of periodontal ligament
Morphology of peripheral ossifying fibroma
red, ulcerated, nodular lesion of gingiva
Peak incidence of peripheral ossifying fibroma
young and teenage females
Torus palatinus
bony outgrowths with varied clinical appearance
How can microbes enter the oral cavity?
breaching epithelial surfaces, inhalation, ingestion, sexual transmission