Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI II > Immuno-Patho of IBD > Flashcards

Immuno-Patho of IBD Flashcards

1
Q

IBD

A

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Disorders of IBD

A

Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

chronic inflammation and ulcers in innermost lining of colon and/or rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Crohn’s Disease

A

inflammation of lining of GI which often spreads deep and may occur in any part of the GI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the epithelial barrier of the GI tract change in patients with IBD?

A

increase in permeability caused by impaired formation of tight junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are inflammatory responses induced in patients with IBD?

A

bacterial components cross the mucosal barrier and induce innate and adaptive immune responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

IBD develops as a result of…

A

persistent and inappropriate pertubation of the immune system and commensal bacteria resulting in dysbiosis and mucosal inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Aberrant responses in UC

A

disruption of barrier function and changes in immunoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aberrant responses in CD

A

dysfunction of microbe sensing, changes in immunoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Signs and Sxs of CD

A

abd pain, obstruction, fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lab test for CD

A

ASCA-positive, Anti-Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Abs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Signs and Sxs of UC

A

bloody diarrhea, urgency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lab test for UC

A

pANCA-positive, perinuclear Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Abs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of IBD

A

genetic susceptibility, luminal microbial antigens and adjuvants, immune response, environmental triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Environmental factors that trigger IBD

A

smoking, diet, drugs, geography, stress, microbes and enteric flora, permeability, appy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functional roles of gut microbiota

A

protection, facilitation, provision of immunologic surveillance signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does IBD develop?

A

areas of high bacterial concentration, terminal ileum and colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lymphocytes from IBD patients show reactivity against what antigens?

A

fecal antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Classification of bacteria found in proximal GI tract

A

aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Classification of bacteria found in distal GI tract

A

obligate anaerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gut microbiome is primarily composed of what species

A

Firmicutes, bacteroidetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Major Firmicutes Spp. in microbiota

A

Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Eubacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Major Bacteroidetes Spp. in microbiota

A

Bacteroides, Prevotella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Major bacteria present in UC

A

proteobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Major bacteria present in CD
actinobacteria, firmicutes
26
How is the microbiota of babies born from IBD women different from those not?
lower bacterial diversity and altered bacterial comp
27
What factors control the microflora composition?
host genetics, maternal transfer, abx, infection, inflammation, age, diet, obesity
28
How does a high fiber diet impact microbiota?
increases levels of bacteroidetes, firmicutes and actinobacteria, decreases proteobacteria
29
How does a high protein diet impact microbiota?
increases bacteroidetes, firmicutes, and proteobacteria
30
How does a high fat diet impact microbiota?
decreases bacteroidetes, firmicutes, and proteobacteria
31
How does a carb diet impact microbiota?
increases bacteroidetes, firmicutes, and actinobacteria
32
Acute infections thought to play a role in IBD development
gastroenteritis (Shigella and Campylobacter), inversely associated with helminth colonization
33
IBD is uncommon in what populations?
Asian and African populations
34
Genes involved in CD/UC development encode for what?
Immuno-inflammatory components
35
Susceptibility locus for IBD
chromsome 16
36
IBD-1 locus contains what genes?
CARD15/NOD2
37
CARD15 is expressed in what cells?
macrophages and dendritic cells
38
Percentage of CD cases associated with defects in CARD15/NOD2
17-27%
39
CARD15 triggers activation of what?
NF-kB
40
Mechanisms of CD caused by NOD 2 mutation
defective macrophage function, defective epithelial cell responses, defective APC conditioning
41
Colonization of the GI with beneficial bacteria induces the development of...
GALT
42
Microbiota maintains basal activity level of what cells in the lamina propria
Th1 and Th17 cells
43
How are pathobionts suppressed by beneficial bacteria?
comensal bacteria induce Treg cells and IL-10 production
44
Comensal bacteria ferment .... to produce ....
nondigestible polysaccharides, SCFAs
45
SCFAs have anti-inflammatory properties in what cells?
macrophage, dendritic cell, CD4 T cell and intestinal epithelial cell
46
Receptor on Treg cells for SCFAs
GPR43
47
T cells important for integrity of epithelial barrier
Th17
48
Bacteria associated with induction of Treg cells in lamina propria
Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ssp., segmented filamentous bacteria
49
How is host immune tolerance to comensal bacteria induced?
MAMPs, polysaccharide signaling, SCFA production, expression of epithelial intestinal alkaline
50
Functions of SCFA
induce IgA, mucus secretion, promote epithelial barrier integrity, prevent pathogen colonization
51
Commensal bacteria effect on NF-kB
Bacteroides attenuates inflammatory response by inducing peroxisome proliferation activated receptor
52
Dysbiosis/Chronic inflammation involves hyperactivation of what cells and inhibition of what cells?
Increased activation of Th1 and Th17, inhibition of Treg
53
Genetic and environmental factors induce what phase of IBD
impaired barrier function
54
Complications of chronic GI inflammation
fibrosis, stenosis, abscess, fistula, cancer
55
T cell paradigm in CD
activation of Th1 and Th17 cells driven by IL-12, IL-6, and IL-23 by DC and macophages
56
Th1 cells secrete...
IL-2, IFN-g, TNF
57
Th17 cells secrete....
IL-17
58
T cell paradigm in UC
atypical activation of Th2 and NKT cells which cause the production of IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13
59
IL-12 causes differentiation to what T cell
Th1
60
IL-4 causes differentiation to what T cell
Th2
61
IL-6, IL-23, TGFb cause differentiation to what T cell
Th17
62
IL-23 is produced by what cells?
APCs, macrophages and DC
63
LOF SNP in IL-10 and TGF-B would --- to IBD
predispose
64
GOF SNP in IL-10 and TGF-B would --- from IBD
protect
65
LOF SNP in TNFa, IFN-g, IL-17 would --- from CD
protect
66
GOF SNP in TNFa, IFN-g, IL-17 would --- to CD
predispose
67
LOF SNP in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 would --- from UC
protect
68
GOF SNP in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 would --- to UC
predispose
69
What do Treg cells secrete to inhibit Th17 formation
retinoic acid, vitamin A
70
Excess of TGFB and limited expression of proinflammatory cytokines from APCs causes differentiation of what T cells
Treg
71
Functions of Treg cells
activated by APC, express CTLA-4 and CD25 (binds IL-2), suppress APCs, suppress activated T cells
72
TNF blocker MOA
mAb that binds TNF, reserved for UC and CD; reduce inflammation associated with IBD
73
Potential treatments of interest for IBD patients
fecal microbiota transplant, anti-TNF

GI II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions