Oral Cavity

Question 1

Composition of saliva?

Answer 1

mixed secretion from all glands

Question 2

What stimulates saliva secretion?

Answer 2

chemical, olfactory and/or psychic stimuli

Question 3

What are the 6 functions of saliva?

Answer 3

1. Moistens Oral cavity
2. Cleans oral cavity
3. Lubricates the food for swallowing
4. Aids in taste sensation
5. Digestive activity
6. Immunological activity

Question 4

What are three glands whose secretions make up saliva?

Answer 4

Parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 5

Secretory granules of serous acini are rich in what enzyme?

Answer 5

Amylase - created in the serous units of all three salivary glands

Question 6

Which salivary gland is the largest?

Answer 6

Parotid

Question 7

Which salivary gland is paired?

Answer 7

Parotid - next to the ear on both sides

Question 8

What is the Parotid gland surrounded by?

Answer 8

A fibrous capsule that invaginates around the parotid glands to make septa, lobes, lobules

Question 9

Does the parotid gland have a ductal system?

Answer 9

Yes, ductal system is present in the parotid glands.

Question 10

What is the composition of the secretory units in the parotid gland

Answer 10

All serous units

Question 11

What is the composition of the secretory units in the submandibular gland?

Answer 11

75% serous, 25% mucosal units – mixed secretion

Question 12

What is the composition of the secretory units in the sublingual gland?

Answer 12

75% mucosal, 25% serous units —mixed secretion

Question 13

What is the typical shape of the secretory units in the salivar gland?

Answer 13

Both the mucous and serous units are acinar in shape.

Question 14

What makes up serous secretions?

Answer 14

watery, proteinaceous secretion, which contains enzymes

Question 15

What makes up mucousal secretions?

Answer 15

viscous glycoprotein

Question 16

What is the role of myoepithelial cells?

Answer 16

Lie in contact with basal aspects of secretory cells –> serve a contractile role by promoting release of secretory product into lumina of excretory ducts

Question 17

What is mucin?

Answer 17

mixture highly viscous glycoproteins that protect and lubricate surfaces – part of mucous

Question 18

What are goblet cells? What are these types of cells called when grouped together?

Answer 18

singly found mucus-producing cells.

Tubules/acini - when grouped together

Question 19

What are serous demilunes? what do they supply?

Answer 19

mucousal units are capped with serous demilunes – which are the source of lysozyme

Question 20

Which salivary gland(s) are not well encapsulated?

Answer 20

sublingual gland - lacks a clear fibrous capsule

Question 21

What is saliva?

Answer 21

watery, viscous suspension of mucus, enzymes, inorganic ions, and antibodies

Question 22

Which gland produces the most saliva?

Answer 22

submandibular gland produces 60% of saliva, but is only the second largest.

Question 23

Major ducts of parotid? submandibular?

Answer 23

Stenson. Wharton.

Question 24

What is the classification of the major salivary glands by shape?

Answer 24

compound tubuloacinar glands

Question 25

What are the three sections of a excretory duct?

Answer 25

Secretory acinus, intercalated duct, and striated duct

Question 26

what type of stimulation increases blood flow to the secretory acini of salivary glands?

Answer 26

parasympathetic stimulation

Question 27

What is primary secretion? Where is it made?

Answer 27

Primary secretion is released into the secretory acinus of excretory ducts. - Composed of filtrate from cells, mucus, and amylase

Question 28

What do von Ebner glands secrete?

Answer 28

lingual lipase -- added to saliva in the mouth

Question 29

What does the striated duct portion of an excretory duct do?

Answer 29

modification of ionic content of primary secretion

Question 30

What are intercalated ducts?

Answer 30

slender conduits that connect the secretory acinus to the striated duct ---composed of one layer of squamous or cuboidal epithelial layer

Question 31

What makes striated ducts?

Answer 31

columnar epithelial cells with basal striations

Question 32

What is the flow of the ductal system in the parotid glands?

Answer 32

Secretory acinus --> intercalated duct --> striated duct --> intralobular duct --> interlobular duct

Question 33

Where do most salivary gland tumors derive from?

Answer 33

ductal epithelium

Question 34

What are "striations" of the striated duct?

Answer 34

basal plasma membrane invaginations with an accumulation of mitochondria

Question 35

Are intercalated and striated ducts technically secretory?

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

What is the tongue formed by?

Answer 36

interlacing bundles of striated muscle at various angles | ---may be skeletal and smooth, not cardiac

Question 37

What is the sulcus terminalis?

Answer 37

separates the anterior 2/3 of the tongue from the posterior 1/3

Question 38

Why is the dorsal surface of the tongue so rough?

Answer 38

covered with papillae

Question 39

Which salivary gland lacks adipose?

Answer 39

submandibular

Question 40

What types of cells cover the tongue?

Answer 40

smooth nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium over dorsum and undersurface ----except over filliform papillae -epithelium is parakaratinized

Question 41

Which are the most numerous papillae?

Answer 41

filliform

Question 42

What are von Ebner glands?

Answer 42

serous glands that drain into the base of each furrow of the circumvallate papillae ----produce a watery fluid that helps clear debris from around taste buds to better expose them to gustatory stimuli

Question 43

What are the three main types of papillae on the tongue?

Answer 43

filliorm, fungiform, circumvallate

Question 44

What is the shape of filliform papillae

Answer 44

connective tissue core covered by para karatinized stratified squamous epithelium in an elongated conical shape

Question 45

Where and how are filliform papillae found?

Answer 45

Found in rows parallel to median sulcus

Question 46

Do filliform papillae contain taste buds?

Answer 46

No, filliform papillae do not contain taste buds

Question 47

What is the shape of fungiform papillae?

Answer 47

mushroom shaped with taste buds on upper surface

Question 48

Which papillae have taste buds and where?

Answer 48

upper surface of fungiform papillae | lateral surface of circumvallate papillae

Question 49

Which papillae do not have taste buds?

Answer 49

filliform papillae

Question 50

Where are the fungiform papillae most in number?

Answer 50

most numerous at tip of the tongue

Question 51

where are the circumvallate papillae located?

Answer 51

located along the sulcus terminalis

Question 52

How many circumvallate papillae exist?

Answer 52

approx 7-12

Question 53

What are taste buds?

Answer 53

small pale, barrel shaped intraepithelial organs that extend from the basal lamina to the apical surface

Question 54

What are the three cells of the taste buds and their functions?

Answer 54

neuroepithelial cells -- chemoreceptive support cells - nutrition basal cells

Question 55

What is the taste pore?

Answer 55

lumen composed of the cells of the taste bud

Question 56

Which cells of the taste buds are innervated?

Answer 56

neuroepithelial cells are chemoreceptive and are responsible for sending and receive nerve signals in response to gustatory stimulation

Question 57

What do taste buds do?

Answer 57

transduce chemical stimuli into nerve impulses, which the brain perceives as gustatory sensations