Oral Cavity Flashcards
Composition of saliva?
mixed secretion from all glands
What stimulates saliva secretion?
chemical, olfactory and/or psychic stimuli
What are the 6 functions of saliva?
- Moistens Oral cavity
- Cleans oral cavity
- Lubricates the food for swallowing
- Aids in taste sensation
- Digestive activity
- Immunological activity
What are three glands whose secretions make up saliva?
Parotid, submandibular, sublingual
Secretory granules of serous acini are rich in what enzyme?
Amylase - created in the serous units of all three salivary glands
Which salivary gland is the largest?
Parotid
Which salivary gland is paired?
Parotid - next to the ear on both sides
What is the Parotid gland surrounded by?
A fibrous capsule that invaginates around the parotid glands to make septa, lobes, lobules
Does the parotid gland have a ductal system?
Yes, ductal system is present in the parotid glands.
What is the composition of the secretory units in the parotid gland
All serous units
What is the composition of the secretory units in the submandibular gland?
75% serous, 25% mucosal units – mixed secretion
What is the composition of the secretory units in the sublingual gland?
75% mucosal, 25% serous units —mixed secretion
What is the typical shape of the secretory units in the salivar gland?
Both the mucous and serous units are acinar in shape.
What makes up serous secretions?
watery, proteinaceous secretion, which contains enzymes
What makes up mucousal secretions?
viscous glycoprotein
What is the role of myoepithelial cells?
Lie in contact with basal aspects of secretory cells –> serve a contractile role by promoting release of secretory product into lumina of excretory ducts
What is mucin?
mixture highly viscous glycoproteins that protect and lubricate surfaces – part of mucous
What are goblet cells? What are these types of cells called when grouped together?
singly found mucus-producing cells.
Tubules/acini - when grouped together
What are serous demilunes? what do they supply?
mucousal units are capped with serous demilunes – which are the source of lysozyme
Which salivary gland(s) are not well encapsulated?
sublingual gland - lacks a clear fibrous capsule
What is saliva?
watery, viscous suspension of mucus, enzymes, inorganic ions, and antibodies
Which gland produces the most saliva?
submandibular gland produces 60% of saliva, but is only the second largest.
Major ducts of parotid? submandibular?
Stenson. Wharton.
What is the classification of the major salivary glands by shape?
compound tubuloacinar glands
What are the three sections of a excretory duct?
Secretory acinus, intercalated duct, and striated duct
what type of stimulation increases blood flow to the secretory acini of salivary glands?
parasympathetic stimulation
What is primary secretion? Where is it made?
Primary secretion is released into the secretory acinus of excretory ducts.
- Composed of filtrate from cells, mucus, and amylase
What do von Ebner glands secrete?
lingual lipase – added to saliva in the mouth
What does the striated duct portion of an excretory duct do?
modification of ionic content of primary secretion
What are intercalated ducts?
slender conduits that connect the secretory acinus to the striated duct
—composed of one layer of squamous or cuboidal epithelial layer
What makes striated ducts?
columnar epithelial cells with basal striations
What is the flow of the ductal system in the parotid glands?
Secretory acinus –> intercalated duct –> striated duct –> intralobular duct –> interlobular duct
Where do most salivary gland tumors derive from?
ductal epithelium
What are “striations” of the striated duct?
basal plasma membrane invaginations with an accumulation of mitochondria
Are intercalated and striated ducts technically secretory?
Yes
What is the tongue formed by?
interlacing bundles of striated muscle at various angles
—may be skeletal and smooth, not cardiac
What is the sulcus terminalis?
separates the anterior 2/3 of the tongue from the posterior 1/3
Why is the dorsal surface of the tongue so rough?
covered with papillae
Which salivary gland lacks adipose?
submandibular
What types of cells cover the tongue?
smooth nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium over dorsum and undersurface
—-except over filliform papillae -epithelium is parakaratinized
Which are the most numerous papillae?
filliform
What are von Ebner glands?
serous glands that drain into the base of each furrow of the circumvallate papillae
—-produce a watery fluid that helps clear debris from around taste buds to better expose them to gustatory stimuli
What are the three main types of papillae on the tongue?
filliorm, fungiform, circumvallate
What is the shape of filliform papillae
connective tissue core covered by para karatinized stratified squamous epithelium in an elongated conical shape
Where and how are filliform papillae found?
Found in rows parallel to median sulcus
Do filliform papillae contain taste buds?
No, filliform papillae do not contain taste buds
What is the shape of fungiform papillae?
mushroom shaped with taste buds on upper surface
Which papillae have taste buds and where?
upper surface of fungiform papillae
lateral surface of circumvallate papillae
Which papillae do not have taste buds?
filliform papillae
Where are the fungiform papillae most in number?
most numerous at tip of the tongue
where are the circumvallate papillae located?
located along the sulcus terminalis
How many circumvallate papillae exist?
approx 7-12
What are taste buds?
small pale, barrel shaped intraepithelial organs that extend from the basal lamina to the apical surface
What are the three cells of the taste buds and their functions?
neuroepithelial cells – chemoreceptive
support cells - nutrition
basal cells
What is the taste pore?
lumen composed of the cells of the taste bud
Which cells of the taste buds are innervated?
neuroepithelial cells are chemoreceptive and are responsible for sending and receive nerve signals in response to gustatory stimulation
What do taste buds do?
transduce chemical stimuli into nerve impulses, which the brain perceives as gustatory sensations
